Борисов А.Г. Комплексное исследование керна коллекторов Восточной Сибири

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cneL111anbHb1e 11 n11ronor114ecK11e 11ccneAOBaH1151. lllc­
cneAOBaH11e OTKpblTOiii nop11crocrn, o6beMHOiii 11 Ka­
}l{YlJ..leiiirn Ml1Hepanorn4eCKoiii nnornocrn }1{11AKOCTe­
HacbllJ..leH11eM nepsoHa4anbHO AOn}l{HO 6b1Tb
sbinonHeHo no KepornHy, a 3aTeM no BOAe, 4TO no3-
17
N� 1, 2012
Ta611uu,a 1
noAKOMnJleKC lilCCJ1eAOBaHlillt1 Ha nOJ1HOpa3MepHOM KepHe
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(B1-1A aHaJ11-13a, onepa41-1.R)
cf>ornrpacjmposaH1-1e B .RLJ..\"1Kax np1,1
noJ1yYeH1-11-1
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Beeb KepH
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BOJllilT onpeAeJllilTb lilCTlilHHOe 3Ha4eHlile noplilCTOCTlil
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18
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19
-
N� l, 2012
CTOBOA BOAbl, TO TaK111e nopOAbl Heo6XOAll1MO 3KCTpa­
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20
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21
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23
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