.Ʌ. Ⱥɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ, Ɇ.Ɇ. Ƚɟɜɨɪɝɹɧ ȿ : ȾɈɎȺɆɂɇȿɊȽɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɆȿɏȺɇɂɁɆɕ ɂɆɆɍɇɈɆɈȾɍɅəɐɂɂ
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ɍȾɄ 612.017:612.5:616.89 ȿ.Ʌ. Ⱥɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ, Ɇ.Ɇ. Ƚɟɜɨɪɝɹɧ ȾɈɎȺɆɂɇȿɊȽɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɆȿɏȺɇɂɁɆɕ ɂɆɆɍɇɈɆɈȾɍɅəɐɂɂ: ɎɍɇɄɐɂɈɇȺɅɖɇȺə ɁɇȺɑɂɆɈɋɌɖ Ⱦ1 ɂ Ⱦ2 ɊȿɐȿɉɌɈɊɈȼ ɇɂȽɊɈɋɌɊɂȺɌɇɕɏ ɂ ɆȿɁɈɅɂɆȻɂɑȿɋɄɂɏ ɋɌɊɍɄɌɍɊ ɆɈɁȽȺ Ƚɍ ɇɂɂ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɋɈ ɊȺɆɇ, ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ Ⱦ2 ɞɨɮɚɦɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɨɣ (ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɟ ɹɞɪɨ) ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ (ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɹɞɪɨ) ȾȺ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɦɢ Ⱦ1 ɬɢɩɚ. ɉɪɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɨɦ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɨɦ ɭ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɹɞɪɚɦɢ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɛɵɥ ɧɢɠɟ, ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɚ ɥɨɠɧɨɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦ, ɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟ. ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɪɵɫɚɦ (ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ) ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ SKF 38393, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ, ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɥɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɜɲɢɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ ɥɨɠɧɨɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɞɨɮɚɦɢɧɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ɬɢɩɚ, SKF 38393, ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥ, ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɚɹ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɨɮɚɦɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɹɞɪɚ, ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ. Ⱦɨɮɚɦɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ (ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ) ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɢ, ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ, ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ (ɮɚɪɦɚɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ȾȺɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ cɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ) ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɝɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ, ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɨɡɝɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ CD4 + Ɍ ɥɢɦɮɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɫ ɯɟɥɩɟɪɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ, ɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ, ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ [1, 6, 8, 9, 14, 15, 17]. ɉɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɭ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɤɨɧɮɪɨɧɬɚɰɢɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ [7], ɬɚɤ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɟ ɮɚɪɦɚɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ, ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫ ɧɚɪɚɫɬɚɧɢɟɦ ɱɢɫɥɚ CD4 + Ɍ ɯɟɥɩɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɨɡɝɟ [3]. ȼ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɝɟɧɚ, ɷɧɞɨɬɨɤɫɢɧɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɥɟɣɤɢɧɨɜ, ɩɪɢ ɡɚɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɢɪɭɫɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɟɣ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ȾȺ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɞɤɨɪɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ [11, 15]. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟ¡fiÀÀ“Õ‹ –Œ —¿ÃÕ, ʋ 3 (125), 2007 „. ɦɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɚɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɪɹɞɚ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ [5, 16], ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɦ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ [4, 5]. ɍɱɚɫɬɢɟ ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɧɟɣɪɨɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɸ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɬɢɩɚɦɢ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ. Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ, ɤɚɤ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɶ ɉɚɪɤɢɧɫɨɧɚ ɢ ɲɢɡɨɮɪɟɧɢɹ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɦɢ Ⱦ1 ɬɢɩɚ [5, 16]. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ 5 ɩɨɞɬɢɩɨɜ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɮɚɪɦɚɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ: Ⱦ1-ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ (Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ5 ɩɨɞɬɢɩɵ) ɢ Ⱦ2-ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ (Ⱦ2, Ⱦ3 ɢ Ⱦ4 ɩɨɞɬɢɩɵ) [10]. Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚɦɢ ɪɚɧɟɟ, ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ Ⱦ1, ɬɚɤ ɢ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ [6, 9]. Ɍɚɤ, ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ⱦ1/Ⱦ2 ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚ ɚɩɨɦɨɪɮɢɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɨɜ ɥɢɛɨ Ⱦ1 (SKF 38393), ɥɢɛɨ Ⱦ2 (ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥ) ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ. 73 ȿ.Ʌ. Ⱥɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ Ⱦɨɮɚɦɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ: ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ / ɫ. 73-76 Ȼɥɨɤɚɞɚ ɠɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɚɧɬɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚɦɢ (SCH 23390 — ɞɥɹ Ⱦ1 ɢ ɝɚɥɨɩɟɪɢɞɨɥɚ ɞɥɹ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ) ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɢ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɟɣ Ⱦ1 ɢɥɢ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ SKF 38393 ɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɢɥɥɟɪɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɢ ɦɢɬɨɝɟɧ-ɢɧɞɭɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɥɢɮɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɥɢɦɮɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɫɟɥɟɡɟɧɤɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɭɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ, ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɜɜɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ [14], ɯɨɬɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɞɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ — ɟɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ [6, 17]. Ⱦɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɦɧɨɝɢɦɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɡɝɚ [13]. ɋɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɵɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ȾȺɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ. ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɚ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɬɟɫɧɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ [2, 10, 12]. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ȼɵɹɫɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɤɥɚɞɚ ɜ ɧɟɣɪɨɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ, ɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɪ ɢ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ȾȺ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ [1, 15]. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɢ ȾȺ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɢɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɨɧɵ, ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɹɞɪɚ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ [10] Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɬɢɩɨɜ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɯ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚɦɢ 74 (ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ SKF 38393) ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɟɪ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɯ ȾȺɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ. Ⱥɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɨɦ (1 ɦɝ/ɤɝ) ɜɵɡɵɜɚɥɚ ɭ ɥɨɠɧɨɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ ȼɢɫɬɚɪ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɵ ɛɚɪɚɧɚ, ɬɟɫɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɛɥɹɲɤɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ (ȻɈɄ, IgM-ɚɧɬɢɬɟɥɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ) ɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ (ɊɈɄ). ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɪɫɨɥɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ — ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɝɞɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɚ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɥɨ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɯ [1, 15], ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɭɝɧɟɬɚɸɳɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɨɛɨɢɦ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɚ ɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɪɵɫɚɦ (ɤɚɤ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɨɚɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ) ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɛɵɥ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦɢ, ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɜɲɢɦɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɢ ɜ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɭ ɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɜɲɢɯ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɟɝɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɥɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɚɫɶ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɦ ɥɨɠɧɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɤɜɢɧɩɢɪɨɥɚ ɭ ɢɦɦɭɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɹɞɪɨɦ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ Ⱦ2 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɜ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ, ɧɨ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɡɝɚ. ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɤɥɚɞɚ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɨɧ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ, ɛɵɥɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɚ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ SKF 38393 (20 ɦɝ/ɤɝ) ɤɪɵɫɚɦ ȼɢɫɬɚɪ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɪɫɨɥɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɥɨ ɤ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɭ ɥɨɠɧɨɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ¡fiÀÀ“Õ‹ –Œ —¿ÃÕ, ʋ 3 (125), 2007 „. ȿ.Ʌ. Ⱥɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ Ⱦɨɮɚɦɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ: ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ Ⱦ1 ɢ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ / ɫ. 73-76 ɩɨɥɭɱɢɜɲɢɯ SKF 38393 (ɨɛɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɢɫɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ). Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɢɯ ȾȺ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ — ɥɢɛɨ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ, ɥɢɛɨ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ — ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɥɢɹɥɨ ɧɚ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ Ⱦ1 ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɨɦ SKF 38393, ɬɨ, ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ [10], ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɯ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, Ⱦ1 ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ ɢ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɹɞɟɪ, ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ Ⱦ2 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɧɟ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɢ ɜ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ. ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ Ⱦ2 ɬɢɩɚ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɯɜɨɫɬɚɬɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɟɦ ɹɞɪɚɯ, ɜ ɧɟɣɪɨɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɸ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ȾȺ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ. Ɍɚɤ, ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ȾȺ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ Ⱦ1 ɬɢɩɚ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ȾȺ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɮɪɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ, ɦɢɧɞɚɥɢɧɟ, ɨɛɨɧɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɭɤɨɜɢɰɚɯ, ɡɚɞɧɟɦ ɝɢɩɨɬɚɥɚɦɭɫɟ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ, ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ [5, 15]. ɇɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢ Ⱦ1 ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɨɧ ɧɢɝɪɨɫɬɪɢɚɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɡɨɥɢɦɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛ ɢɯ ɬɟɫɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ [12], ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɭɸ [2]. DOPAMINERGIC MECHANISMS OF IMMUNOMODULATION: RECEPTORS ROLE OF D1 AND D2 RECEPTPORS OF NIGROSTRIATAL AND MESOLIMBIC BRAIN STRUCTURES E.L. Alperina, M.M. Gevorgyan The present data indicate greater contribution of D2 DA receptors of the terminal areas of the nigrostriatal (nucleus caudatus) and mesolimbic (nucleus accumbens) systems to immunomodulation compared to D1 DA receptors of the same localization. Activation of D1 or D2 DA receptors with their selective agonists SKF 38393 and quinpirol, respectively, produced significant enhancement of ¡fiÀÀ“Õ‹ –Œ —¿ÃÕ, ʋ 3 (125), 2007 „. plaque- and rosette-formation in sham-operated animals. However, the immune response level in rats with preliminary destructed nuclei caudatus or accumbens did not increase following SKF 38393 or quinpirol administration, but was maintained at control values. At the same time, administration of D1 DA receptor agonist SKF 38393 to rats with lesioned nuclei caudatus or accumbens did not affect the immune response level compared to that of sham-operated controls, receiving SKF 38393. Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. 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