Перенос информации с помощью буфера обмена

реклама
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbk
ihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
<wlhc]eZ\_«
„<gZqZe_[ue[mn_jh[f_gZ« „Kha^Zgb_gh\h]hnhjfZlZ^ey[mn_jZh[f_gZ
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
Dh]^Zlhq_eh\_q_kl\h[hjhehkvbkdexqbl_evghaZ\u`b\Zgb_^Z`_g_ih^haj_\ZyhlhfqlhgZklmiyl\j_f_gZ
[hjv[ukbgnZjdlhfbebdhjjmipb_cEx^b`beb\l_fguoi_s_jZohohlbebkvkdhivyfbbdZfgyfbbh[sZebkvk
ihfhsvx `_klh\ b g_\gylguo a\mdh\ Hgb ihdehgyebkv h]gx dhlhjuc hk\_sZe bo ^h\hevgh f_^e_ggu_
dhfivxl_ju<lmihjmdhfivxl_jufh]ebh^gh\j_f_gghjZ[hlZlvebrvkh^gbfijbeh`_gb_fbaaZh]jZgbq_gguo
\hafh`ghkl_c ZiiZjZlguo kj_^kl\ b ijh]jZffgh]h h[_ki_q_gby ?^bgkl\_gguf kihkh[hf i_j_ghkZ bgnhjfZpbb
[uehkhojZg_gb_nZceh\gZ^bkd_l_^eybkihevah\ZgbygZ^jm]bofZrbgZo
<gZklhys__\j_fyZiiZjZlgu_kj_^kl\Z b ijh]jZffgh_ h[_ki_q_gb_ kms_kl\_ggh baf_gbebkv d emqr_fm Ih^
mijZ\e_gb_f kh\j_f_gguo hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_f lZdbo dZd :LQGRZV beb :LQGRZV17 fh`gh h^gh\j_f_ggh
aZimkdZlvkjZamg_kdhevdhijh]jZffqlhagZqbl_evghmijhsZ_l`bagvihevah\Zl_eyfbwdhghfblbo\j_fyH^gbf
ba ij_bfms_kl\ :LQGRZV y\ey_lky \hafh`ghklv h[f_gZ bgnhjfZpb_c f_`^m ijbeh`_gbyfb aZims_ggufb gZ
h^ghcfZrbg_;mn_jh[f_gZ:LQb'\QDPLF'DWD([FKDQJH''(²gZb[he__jZggb_l_ogheh]bblZdh]hh[f_gZ
bgnhjfZpb_cBoijbf_g_gb_g_lj_[m_lhkh[uomkbebc
<wlhc]eZ\_\umagZ_l_dZdbkihevah\Zlv[mn_jh[f_gZ:LQ\'HOSKLIj_^u^ms__ba^Zgb_dgb]bhk\_sZeh
lZd`_ l_ogheh]bx ''( H^gZdh ihke_ ihy\e_gby gh\uo l_ogheh]bc \aZbfh^_ckl\by ijhp_kkh\ gZijbf_j &20
dhlhjZy ih^jh[gh h[km`^Z_lky \ ]eZ\_ ³&20 b $FWLYH;´ [ueh [u [_kkfuke_ggh hlkueZlv \Zk gZ k\Zedm
f_jl\uol_ogheh]bcGmZ^ey ijhklhc j_ZebaZpbb i_j_ghkZ bgnhjfZpbb f_`^m ijbeh`_gbyfb [mn_j h[f_gZ ih
ij_`g_fmy\ey_lky^hklZlhqghgZ^_`gufkj_^kl\hf
<gZqZe_[ue[mn_jh[f_gZ«
?keb \u hiulguc :LQGRZVijh]jZffbkl \_jhylgh \Zf m`_ agZdhf [mn_j h[f_gZ :LQ² ohly [u Zau _]h
nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby ?keb `_ \u gh\bqhd \ ijh]jZffbjh\Zgbb gh hiulguc ihevah\Zl_ev :LQGRZV \u hq_\b^gh
ihklhyggh bkihevah\Zeb [mn_j h[f_gZ g_ hkh[_ggh aZ^mfu\Zykv gZ^ l_f dZd hg j_Zebah\Zg gZ ijh]jZffghf
mjh\g_
Ihqlbex[h_ijbeh`_gb_bf_xs__ih^f_gx(GLW\k\h_f]eZ\ghff_gxbkihevam_l[mn_jh[f_gZLZdqlh`_
\k_lZdbij_^klZ\ey_lkh[hcwlhlij_keh\mluc[mn_jh[f_gZ"<k_]hebrvh[eZklviZfylbbkhhl\_lkl\mxsbcgZ[hj
nmgdpbc :LQ $3, iha\heyxsbo ijbeh`_gbyf ojZgblv b ihemqZlv bgnhjfZpbx ba wlhc h[eZklb iZfylb <u
fh`_l_kdhibjh\Zlvbkoh^gucdh^baj_^ZdlhjZ'HOSKLb\klZ\blv_]h\ex[hc^jm]hcj_^Zdlhj
Ihq_fm `_ :LQ gm`^Z_lky \ ki_pbZevghf gZ[hj_ nmgdpbc b khh[s_gbc ^ey bkihevah\Zgby [mn_jZ h[f_gZ"
Dhibjh\Zgb_ ^Zgguo \ [mn_j² g_qlh [hevr__ q_f ijhklh j_a_j\bjh\Zgb_ h[eZklb iZfylb b ihf_s_gb_ \ g__
^Zgguo >jm]bf ijbeh`_gbyf ^he`gh [ulv ba\_klgh dZd ba\e_qv wlb ^Zggu_ b \ dZdhf nhjfZl_ hgb ojZgylky
:LQ[_j_lgZk_[yaZ[hlmh[mijZ\e_gbb[mn_jhfh[f_gZiha\heyydhibjh\Zlv\klZ\eylv^Zggu_baZijZrb\Zlv
bgnhjfZpbxhgbo
NhjfZlu[mn_jZh[f_gZ
:LQ ih^^_j`b\Z_l ij_^hij_^_e_gguo nhjfZlh\ ^Zgguo bkihevam_fuo ^ey dhibjh\Zgby b \klZ\db
bgnhjfZpbb ba[mn_jZh[f_gZGZb[he__jZkijhkljZg_ggufb kj_^bgboy\eyxlky
&)B%,70$3
>Zggu_jZkljh\hc]jZnbdb
&)B',%
>Zggu_jZkljh\hc]jZnbdbkbkihevah\Zgb_f iZeblju
&)B3$/(77(
IZebljZ
&)B7(;7
Kbf\hevguc fZkkb\ \ dhlhjhf dZ`^Zy kljhdZ aZdZgqb\Z_lky kbf\hehf \ha\jZlZ
dZj_ldbWlhgZb[he__ qZklhbkihevam_fuc nhjfZl^Zgguo
>h ihy\e_gby 'HOSKL ijh]jZffbklm g_h[oh^bfh [ueh \uau\Zlv jZaghh[jZagu_ nmgdpbb [mn_jZ h[f_gZ
kZfhklhyl_evgh klZjZykv g_ bkihjlblv ijb wlhf kh^_j`bfh_ [mn_jZ h[f_gZ < 'HOSKL ^ey jZ[hlu k [mn_jhf
h[f_gZ \u fh`_l_ bkihevah\Zlv ]eh[Zevgmx i_j_f_ggmx &OLSERDUG &OLSERDUG² wda_fieyj deZkkZ 'HOSKL
bgdZikmebjmxsbc [mn_jh[f_gZ:LQ
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
Bkihevah\Zgb_[mn_jZh[f_gZ^eyjZ[hlukl_dklhf
< ]eZ\_ ³0',ijbeh`_gby´ [ueh hibkZgh bkihevah\Zgb_ [mn_jZ h[f_gZ ^ey jZ[hlu k l_dklhf >ey
l_dklh\h]h j_^ZdlhjZ 0',ijbeh`_gby \ f_gx [ueb kha^Zgu imgdlu ^ey \uj_aZgby dhibjh\Zgby \klZ\db
m^Ze_gbyb\u^_e_gbyl_dklZ
<0',ijbeh`_gbbj_^Zdlhjdhfihg_gl70HPRaZgbfZ_ldeb_glgmxh[eZklvnhjfuDhfihg_gl70HPRbf__l
nmgdpbb
\aZbfh^_ckl\mxsb_
k
]eh[Zevguf
h[t_dlhf
&OLSERDUG²
&XW7R&OLSERDUG
&RS\7R&OLSERDUG b 3DVWH)URP&OLSERDUG F_lh^u &OHDU6HOHFWLRQ b 6HOHFW$OO g_
y\eyxlky g_h[oh^bfufb ijhp_^mjZfb ^ey jZ[hlu k [mn_jhf h[f_gZ gh iha\heyxl \u^_eylv l_dkl ^ey
dhibjh\Zgby\g_]hEbklbg]^_fhgkljbjm_lh[jZ[hldmdhfZg^ih^f_gx(GLW
Ebklbg]JZ[hlZkl_dklh\ufb^Zggufb\[mn_j_h[f_gZ
SURFHGXUH70GL(GLW)RUPPPL&XW&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
EHJLQ
LQKHULWHG
PHP0DLQ0HPR&XW7R&OLSERDUG
HQG
SURFHGXUH70GL(GLW)RUPPPL&RS\&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
EHJLQ
LQKHULWHG
PHP0DLQ0HPR&RS\7R&OLSERDUG
HQG
SURFHGXUH70GL(GLW)RUPPPL3DVWH&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
EHJLQ
LQKHULWHG
PHP0DLQ0HPR3DVWH)URP&OLSERDUG
HQG
DZdke_^m_lbaebklbg]Z^ey\uiheg_gbynmgdpbcjZ[hluk[mn_jhfh[f_gZg_h[oh^bfh\uau\Zlvf_lh^u
70HPRDjhf_lh]hihf_klblvl_dkl\[mn_jh[f_gZfh`ghbkihfhsvxk\hckl\Z&OLSERDUG$V7H[W
&OLSERDUG$V7H[W 'HOSKL5XOHV
< jZajy^ghc kj_^_ ^ey k\hckl\Z $V7H[W kms_kl\h\Zeh h]jZgbq_gb_ gZ fZdkbfZevguc jZaf_j kljhdb \ kbf\heh\bg_h[oh^bfh[uehbkihevah\Zlvf_lh^u6HW7H[W%XIb*HW7H[W%XI^eylh]hqlh[uihf_klblv
\ [mn_j h[f_gZ kljhdm [hevr_]h jZaf_jZ < jZajy^ghf 'HOSKL lZdh]h h]jZgbq_gby g_l b bkihevam_fuc lbi
k\hckl\Z$V7H[W²^ebggZykljhdZL_fg_f_g__6HW7H[W%XIb*HW7H[W%XI\k__s_ih^^_j`b\Zxlky\
'HOSKL
F_lh^u&OLSERDUG6HW7H[W%XI b*HW7H[W%XI bkihevamxl lbiu3&KDUyaudZ3DVFDO\
dZq_kl\_ [mn_jZ Bkihevamy wlb f_lh^u \Zf gm`gh ijb\_klb ^ebggmx kljhdm d lbim 3KKDU ^ey lh]h qlh[u \
^Zevg_cr_fg_\uihegylvgbdZdboij_h[jZah\Zgbc 6WULQJ\3KKDU
Bkihevah\Zgb_[mn_jZh[f_gZ^eyjZ[hluk
bah[jZ`_gbyfb
<[mn_jh[f_gZfh`ghkdhibjh\Zlvg_lhevdhl_dklghb]jZnbq_kdb_ ^Zggu_ Z aZl_f \klZ\blv bo dm^Zeb[h
dZd [ueh ihdZaZgh gZ ijbf_j_ gZr_]h 0',ijbeh`_gby Ijh]jZffu h[jZ[hldb kh[ulbc h[_ki_qb\Zxsbo wlb
hi_jZpbbijb\_^_gu\ebklbg]_
Ebklbg]JZ[hlZk]jZnbq_kdbfb^Zggufb\[mn_j_h[f_gZ
SURFHGXUH70GL%03)RUPPPL&RS\&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
EHJLQ
LQKHULWHG
&OLSERDUG$VVLJQLPJ0DLQ3LFWXUH
HQG
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
SURFHGXUH70GL%03)RUPPPL3DVWH&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
^Wlhlf_lh^dhibjm_lkh^_j`bfh_[mn_jZh[f_gZ\LPJ0DLQ`
EHJLQ
LQKHULWHG
Dhibjm_lkh^_j`bfh_[mn_jZh[f_gZ\LPJ0DLQ
LPJ0DLQ3LFWXUH$VVLJQ&OLSERDUG
&OLHQW:LGWK LPJ0DLQ3LFWXUH:LGWK
^gZkljhcdZihehkijhdjmldb`
9HUW6FUROO%DU5DQJH LPJ0DLQ3LFWXUH+HLJKW
+RU]6FUROO%DU5DQJH LPJ0DLQ3LFWXUH:LGWK
HQG
>ey ^hklmiZ d ]eh[Zevghc i_j_f_gghc &OLSERDUG \u ^he`gu \dexqblv fh^mev &/,3%5' \
k_dpbxXVHVfh^meybkihevamxs_]h wlmi_j_f_ggmx < ebklbg]_ ijb\_^_gZ ijh]jZffZ h[jZ[hldb kh[ulby PPL&RS\&OLFN dhlhjZy bkihevam_l f_lh^
&OLSERDUG$VVLJQ^eydhibjh\Zgbybah[jZ`_gby\[mn_jh[f_gZIhke_wlh]hfh`gh\klZ\blvbah[jZ`_gb_
\ ^jm]h_ ijbeh`_gb_ :LQ² gm`gh ebrv qlh[u hgh ih^^_j`b\Zeh nhjfZl &)B%,70$3 lZdbf ijbeh`_gb_f
fh`_l[ulvgZijbf_j:LQGRZV3DLQW
Ijhp_^mjZPPL3DVWH&OLFNhij_^_ey_lih^^_j`b\Z_lkyebnhjfZl^Zgguo\[mn_j_ h[f_gZ &)B%,70$3
beb &)B3,&785( ?keb ^Z lh bkihevam_lky f_lh^ ,PDJH$VVLJQ ^ey dhibjh\Zgby bah[jZ`_gby ba [mn_jZ
h[f_gZbgZkljhcdbihehkijhdjmldb
NhjfZl &)B3,&785( \ :LQ g_ y\ey_lky klZg^Zjlguf Hg bkihevam_lky 'HOSKL
ijbeh`_gbyfb ^ey hij_^_e_gby lh]h qlh ^Zggu_ [mn_jZ h[f_gZ bf_xl 73LFWXUHkh\f_klbfuc nhjfZl
jZkljh\h]h bah[jZ`_gby Ijhkfhljbl_ jZa^_e 73LFWXUH \ bgl_jZdlb\ghc kijZ\hqghc kbkl_f_ 'HOSKL ^ey
ihemq_gby[he__ih^jh[ghc bgnhjfZpbb h73LFWXUHkh\f_klbfuo nhjfZlZo
Kha^Zgb_gh\h]hnhjfZlZ^ey
[mn_jZh[f_gZ
Ij_^klZ\vl_ k_[_ qlh \u \\h^bl_ bgnhjfZpbx h[ Z^j_kZo deb_glh\ \ ijh]jZffm [Zau ^Zgguo b \Zf
\klj_lbeZkvaZibkvebrvg_agZqbl_evghhlebqZxsZykyhlij_^u^ms_c;ueh[uhq_gvm^h[ghbf_lv\hafh`ghklv
kdhibjh\Zlv kh^_j`bfh_ ij_^u^ms_c aZibkb b \klZ\blv \ l_dmsmx \f_klh ih\lhjgh]h aZiheg_gby dZ`^h]h ihey
<Zf fh`_l ihgZ^h[blvky \klZ\blv lm `_ bgnhjfZpbx \ ^jm]h_ ijbeh`_gb_ gZijbf_j \ dZq_kl\_ Z^j_kZ ibkvfZ
Gb`_ij_^klZ\e_gijbf_jkha^Zgbyh[t_dlZdhlhjuc³agZ_l´h[mn_j_h[f_gZ:LQbkihkh[_g khojZgylv \ g_f
k\hbki_pbnbq_kdbnhjfZlbjh\Zggu_^Zggu_H^gh\j_f_ggh\ugZmqbl_kvojZgblvbgnhjfZpbx\[mn_j_h[f_gZ\
nhjfZl_&)B7(;7qlh[ub^jm]b_ijbeh`_gbyih^^_j`b\Zxsb_wlhlnhjfZlfh]eb\hkihevah\Zlvkybfb
Kha^Zgb_h[t_dlh\kihkh[guojZ[hlZlvk[mn_jhf
h[f_gZ
<hafh`gh gZb[he__ ih^oh^ysbf kihkh[hf hij_^_e_gby gh\h]h nhjfZlZ [mn_jZ h[f_gZ \Zf dZ`_lky kha^Zgb_
deZkkZihlhfdZ 7KOLSERDUG jZ[hlZxs_]h k gh\uf nhjfZlhf" >Z dhg_qgh lZdhc deZkk fh] [u hdZaZlvky
ihe_aguf\dZ`^hfdhgdj_lghfkemqZ_gh[ueh[u\_kvfZmlhfbl_evghihklhygghbaf_gylv_]hkp_evxih^^_j`db
^hihegbl_evguo nhjfZlh\ beb ijb g_h[oh^bfhklb i_j_hij_^_eblv ^Zggu_ D lhfm `_ _keb dZ`^uc ba jZaebqguoijhba\h^bl_e_c\uc^_lgZjughdkhk\hbfdeZkkhfihlhfdhf7KOLSERDUG^eyk\hbonhjfZlh\m\Zk
\hagbdgmlk_jv_agu_ijh[e_fuijbihiuld_h^gh\j_f_ggh]hbkihevah\Zgbyohly[ug_kdhevdbobagboihkdhevdm
deZkkuihlhfdb7KOLSERDUG[m^mldhgnebdlh\Zlv^jm]k^jm]hf
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
Emqr__j_r_gb_²hj]Zgbah\Zlv^Zggu_\h[t_dlbaZl_fk^_eZlvlZdqlh[ubf_gghhgagZeh[mn_j_h[f_gZZ
g_gZh[hjhlWlhlih^oh^b[uebkihevah\Zg%RUODQG\dhfihg_glZo'HOSKLDhfihg_gl7FHPRagZ_ldZdihf_klblv
k\hb^Zggu_\[mn_jh[f_gZZdhfihg_gl7,PDJH²dZdihf_klblvk\hb<k_dhfihg_glubkihevamxlh^bgblhl
`_ h[t_dl 7KOLSERDUG qlh iha\hey_l ba[_`Zlv dhgnebdlh\ f_`^m gbfb < wlhf jZa^_e_ ihdZaZgh dZd
j_Zebah\Zlv wlhl ih^oh^ ^ey hij_^_e_gby ihevah\Zl_evkdh]h nhjfZlZ ^ey [mn_jZ h[f_gZ Gh\uc nhjfZl
ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc g_ qlh bgh_ dZd ijhklh aZibkv k bgnhjfZpb_c h[ bf_gb \hajZkl_ b ^Zl_ jh`^_gby deb_glZ
Bkoh^gucdh^fh^meyhij_^_eyxs_]hf_lh^udhibjh\Zgbyb\klZ\db^Zgguo\[mn_jh[f_gZijb\_^_g\ebklbg]_
Ebklbg]Fh^mevhij_^_eyxsbcnhjfZl^Zgguo^ey[mn_jZ
h[f_gZ
XQLWFEGDWD
LQWHUIDFH
XVHV6\V8WLOV:LQGRZVFOLSEUG
FRQVW
''*'DWD &)B''*
DhgklZglZ^eyj_]bkljZpbbgh\h]hnhjfZlZ
W\SH
>Zggu_aZibkb^eyojZg_gby\[mn_j_h[f_gZ
7'DWD5HF SDFNHGUHFRUG
/1DPHVWULQJ>@
)1DPHVWULQJ>@
0,VWULQJ>@
$JH,QWHJHU
%LUWK'DWH7'DWH7LPH
HQG
^Hij_^_ey_lh[t_dllbiZ7'DWD5HFkh^_j`Zsbcf_lh^u^ey
dhibjh\Zgbyb\klZ\db^Zgguo\[mn_jh[f_gZbbag_]h`
7'DWD FODVV
SXEOLF
5HF7'DWD5HF
SURFHGXUH&RS\7R&OLSERDUG
SURFHGXUH*HW)URP&OLSERDUG
HQG
YDU
&)B''*'$7$ZRUGIhemqZ_l\ha\jZsZ_fh_agZq_gb_5HJLVWHU&OLSERDUG)RUPDW
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ
SURFHGXUH7'DWD&RS\7R&OLSERDUG
^WlZnmgdpbydhibjm_lkh^_j`bfh_ihey7'DWD5HF
5HF\[mn_jh[f_gZbdZd^\hbqgu_^Zggu_bdZdl_dkl
H[ZnhjfZlZ[m^ml^hklmiguijb\klZ\d_ba[mn_jZh[f_gZ`
FRQVW
&5/) YDU
'DWD7+DQGOH
'DWD3WU3RLQWHU
7HPS6WU6WULQJ>@
EHJLQ
JZaf_sZ_l6L]H2I7'DWD5HF[Zcl\^bgZfbq_kdhch[eZklb
'DWD *OREDO$OORF*0(0B029($%/(6L]H2I7'DWD5HF
WU\
IhemqZ_lmdZaZl_evgZi_j\uc[ZcljZaf_s_gghciZfylb
'DWD3WU *OREDO/RFN'DWD
WU\
I_j_f_sZ_l^Zggu_ba5HF\[ehdiZfylb
0RYH5HF'DWD3WUA6L]H2I7'DWD5HF
^?kebh^gh\j_f_ggh\[mn_jh[f_gZdhibjm_lkykjZam
g_kdhevdhnhjfZlh\^he`_g[ulv\ua\Zgf_lh^
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
&OLSERDUG2SHQ<ijhlb\ghfkemqZ_dh]^Zdhibjmxlky
^Zggu_ebrvh^gh]hnhjfZlZ\\uah\_wlh]h
f_lh^Zg_lg_h[oh^bfhklb`
&OLSERDUG2SHQ
KgZqZeZdhibjm_f^Zggu_\bojh^ghfnhjfZl_
&OLSERDUG6HW$V+DQGOH&)B''*'$7$'DWD
L_i_jvdhibjm_f^Zggu_\l_dklh\hfnhjfZl_
ZLWK5HFGR
7HPS6WU )1DPH&5/)/1DPH&5/)0,&5/),QW7R6WU$JH&5/)
'DWH7LPH7R6WU%LUWK'DWH
&OLSERDUG$V7H[W 7HPS6WU
^?keb[uek^_eZg\uah\&OLSERDUG2SHQg_h[oh^bf
\uah\&OLSERDUG&ORVH`
&OLSERDUG&ORVH
ILQDOO\
Hk\h[h`^Z_l]eh[Zevgh\u^_e_ggmxiZfylv
*OREDO8QORFN'DWD
HQG
H[FHSW
^<uah\*OREDO)UHHlj_[m_lkyebrvijbh[jZ[hld_
bkdexq_gbc<ijhlb\ghfkemqZ_[mn_jh[f_gZ
mijZ\ey_l\u^_e_gghciZfylvxkZf`
*OREDO)UHH'DWD
UDLVH
HQG
HQG
SURFHGXUH7'DWD*HW)URP&OLSERDUG
^Wlhlf_lh^\klZ\ey_lkh^_j`bfh_[mn_jZh[f_gZ
\nhjfZl_&)B''*'$7$>Zggu_ojZgylky\ihe_
7'DWD5HFwlh]hh[t_dlZ`
YDU
'DWD7+DQGOH
'DWD3WU3RLQWHU
6L]H,QWHJHU
EHJLQ
IhemqZ_lmdZaZl_ev[mn_jZh[f_gZ
'DWD &OLSERDUG*HW$V+DQGOH&)B''*'$7$
LI'DWD WKHQ([LW
IhemqZ_lmdZaZl_evgZ[ehdiZfylbhlghkysbckyd'DWD
'DWD3WU *OREDO/RFN'DWD
WU\
IhemqZ_fjZaf_j^Zgguo^ey\klZ\db
LI6L]H2I7'DWD5HF!*OREDO6L]H'DWDWKHQ
6L]H *OREDO6L]H'DWD
HOVH
6L]H 6L]H2I7'DWD5HF
Dhibjm_f^Zggu_\ihey7'DWD5HF
0RYH'DWD3WUA5HF6L]H
ILQDOO\
Hk\h[h`^Z_fmdZaZl_evgZ[ehdiZfylb
*OREDO8QORFN'DWD
HQG
HQG
LQLWLDOL]DWLRQ
J_]bkljbjm_fgh\ucnhjfZl[mn_jZh[f_gZ
&)B''*'$7$ 5HJLVWHU&OLSERDUG)RUPDW''*'DWD
HQG
Wlhl fh^mev j_rZ_l kjZam g_kdhevdh aZ^Zq <hi_j\uo hg j_]bkljbjm_l gh\uc nhjfZl ^ey jZ[hlu k :LQ
\uah\hf nmgdpbb 5HJLVWHU&OLSERDUG)RUPDW WlZ nmgdpby \ha\jZsZ_l agZq_gb_ b^_glbnbpbjmxs__
gh\uc nhjfZl Ex[h_ ijbeh`_gb_ aZj_]bkljbjh\Z\r__ lhl `_ nhjfZl aZ^Z\Z_fuc kljhdh\hc i_j_f_gghc
ihemqbl h^bgZdh\h_ agZq_gb_ ijb \uah\_ wlhc nmgdpbb Gh\uc nhjfZl klZgh\blky ^hklmi_g \ kibkd_ nhjfZlh\
[mn_jZh[f_gZWlhlkibkhd\uau\Z_lkyk\hckl\hf&OLSERDUG)RUPDWV
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
Fh^mevlZd`_hij_^_ey_laZibkvkh^_j`Zsmx^Zggu_^ey\klZ\dbq_j_a[mn_jbh[t_dlbgdZikmebjmxsbcwlm
aZibkvAZibkv7'DWD5HFkh^_j`blkljhdh\u_iheykbf_g_fdeb_glZp_ehqbke_gguclbibihe_7'DWD7LPHk
^Zlhcjh`^_gbydeb_glZ
H[t_dl bgdZikmebjm_l 7'DWD5HF b 7'DWD hij_^_eyy f_lh^u &RS\7R&OLSERDUG b
*HW)URP&OLSERDUGF_lh^&RS\7R&OLSERDUGihf_sZ_lkh^_j`bfh_ihey7'DWD5HF\[mn_jh[f_gZ\
^\mo nhjfZlZo &)B''*'$7$ b &)B7(;7 DZd \u m`_ agZ_l_ &)B7(;7² ij_^hij_^_e_gguc nhjfZl [mn_jZ
h[f_gZ L_dklh\Zy \_jkby kh^_j`bfh]h 7'DWD5HF kh kljhdh\ufb agZq_gbyfb ihe_c jZa^_e_ggufb kbf\heZfb
i_j_\h^Z kljhdb ihf_sZ_lky \ [mn_j h[f_gZ G_kljhdh\u_ ihey ij_h[jZamxlky \ kljhdh\u_ i_j_^ l_f dZd
hdhgqZl_evgZykljhdZihiZ^Z_l\[mn_jh[f_gZF_lh^&OLSERDUG6HW+DQGOHihf_sZ_l^_kdjbilhj\[mn_j
h[f_gZ \ nhjfZl_ aZ^Z\Z_fhf _]h iZjZf_ljhf < gZr_f kemqZ_ iZjZf_ljhf [m^_l gh\uc nhjfZl ^ey [mn_jZ
h[f_gZ&)B''*'$7$
I_j_^ \uah\hf &OLSERDUG6HW+DQGOH f_lh^ ]hlh\bl dhjj_dlguc wda_fieyj 7+DQGOH dhlhjuc ^he`_g
klZlv iZjZf_ljhf 6HW$V+DQGOH >_kdjbilhj ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc [ehd iZfylb k ^Zggufb ihkueZ_fufb \
[mn_jh[f_gZh[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_gZ\j_adm³JZ[hlZk7+DQGOH´^Ze__\wlhc]eZ\_Ke_^mxsZykljhdZaZklZ\ey_l
:LQ jZaf_klblv 6L]HRI7'DWD5HF [Zcl iZfylb dhlhjmx fh`gh i_j_f_sZlv b \ha\jZlblv ^_kdjbilhj
iZfylb\i_j_f_ggmx'DWD
'DWD *OREDO$OORF *0(0B029($%/(6L]H2I7'DWD5HF
MdZaZl_evgZwlmiZfylvfh`ghihemqblvkihfhsvxke_^mxs_]hhi_jZlhjZ
'DWD3WU *OREDO/RFN'DWD
AZl_f ^Zggu_ ihf_sZxlky \ [ehd iZfylb nmgdpb_c 0RYH < hklZ\rboky kljhdZo dh^Z f_lh^
&OLSERDUG2SHQ hldju\Z_l [mn_j h[f_gZ qlh[u g_ ^himklblv _]h \hafh`gh_ bkihevah\Zgb_ ^jm]bfb
ijbeh`_gbyfb\h\j_fyihf_s_gbylm^Z^Zgguo
&OLSERDUG2SHQ
&OLSERDUG6HW$V+DQGOH&)B''*'$7$'DWD
ZLWK5HFGR
7HPS6WU )1DPH&5/)/1DPH&5/)0,&5/),QW7R6WU$JH&5/)'DWH7LPH7R6WU%LUWK'DWH
&OLSERDUG$V7H[W 7HPS6WU
&OLSERDUG&ORVH
DZdijZ\behg_lg_h[oh^bfhklb\uau\Zlv2SHQ_keblhevdh\[mn_jh[f_gZg_ihf_sZ_lkykjZamg_kdhevdh
nhjfZlh\ dZd \ ij_^u^ms_f ijbf_j_ Ijb jZ[hl_ k [mn_jhf bkihevamxlky _]h f_lh^u lZdb_ dZd
&OLSERDUG6HW7H[W%XI beb k\hckl\Z lZdb_ dZd &OLSERDUG$V7H[W qlh \ugm`^Z_l [mn_j h[f_gZ
hqbklblv k\h_ kh^_j`bfh_ bkihevamy \gmlj_ggb_ \uah\u 2SHQ b &ORVH <u fh`_l_ ba[_`Zlv wlh]h _keb
kgZqZeZ\uah\_l_&OLSERDUG2SHQblZdbfh[jZahfaZibkZlv\[mn_jh[f_gZ^Zggu_\g_kdhevdbonhjfZlZo
h^gh\j_f_ggh?keb\ug_\uah\_l_f_lh^2SHQlh\[mn_j_h[f_gZ[m^_l^hklmi_gebrvihke_^gbcnhjfZl²
&)B7(;7
Ihke_ wlh]h aZ mijZ\e_gb_ iZfylvx \u^_e_gghc ih^ [mn_j h[f_gZ nmgdpb_c *OREDO$OORF hl\_qZ_l
:LQ <uah\ *OREDO)UHH g_h[oh^bf lhevdh ^ey h[jZ[hldb bkdexq_gby \h \j_fy ijhp_kkZ dhibjh\Zgby G_
\uau\Zcl_*OREDO)UHH\^jm]bokemqZyo
>Zggu_\nhjfZl_&)B''*'$7$b&)B7(;7fh`gh\klZ\blvba[mn_jZh[f_gZ\lm`_ijh]jZffmbeb\^jm]b_
ijbeh`_gbyqlhfuk_cqZkbijh^_fhgkljbjm_f
F_lh^7'DWD*HW)URP&OLSERDUG^_eZ_lh[jZlgmxhi_jZpbx[_j_l^Zggu_ba[mn_jZh[f_gZ\nhjfZl_
&)B''*'$7$ b ihf_sZ_l bo \ ihe_ 7'DWD5HF Dhff_glZjbb \ ebklbg]_ ihykgyxl dZd wlhl f_lh^ ^_ckl\m_l
Ijbeh`_gb_ijbf_jdhlhjh_fuijb\_^_fiha`_beexkljbjm_lbkihevah\Zgb_wlh]hfh^meyH[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_
qlhgZrh[t_dlfh`_l[ulve_]dhfh^bnbpbjh\Zg^eyojZg_gbyaZibkbex[h]hgh\h]hlbiZ
G_ hk\h[h`^Zcl_ ^_kdjbilhj \ha\jZsZ_fuc nmgdpb_c *HW$V+DQGOH ² hg ijbgZ^e_`bl
g_\Zr_fmijbeh`_gbx Z[mn_jmh[f_gZ;eZ]h^Zjywlhfm^Zggu_gZdhlhju_kkueZ_lkymdZaZl_ev fh]ml[ulv
kdhibjh\Zgu =eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
JZ[hlZk7+DQGOH
Lbi 7+DQGOH ² g_ [he__ q_f [blh\h_ p_eh_ ij_^klZ\eyxs__ bg^_dk lZ[ebpu \ dhlhjhc :LQ ojZgbl
bgnhjfZpbx h [ehd_ iZfylb Kms_kl\m_l fgh]h lbih\ 7+DQGOH b 'HOSKL bgdZikmebjm_l [hevrbgkl\h ba gbo \
khhl\_lkl\mxsbo deZkkZo²7,FRQ7%LWPDS7&DQYDVb^j
Hij_^_e_ggu_ nmgdpbb :LQ gZijbf_j jZaebqgu_ nmgdpbb [mn_jZ h[f_gZ bkihevamxl ^bgZfbq_kdmx
h[eZklv iZfylb ^ey jZ[hlu k ^Zggufb [mn_jZ Qlh[u jZ[hlZlv k wlhc h[eZklvx iZfylb \Zf ijb^_lky
\hkihevah\Zlvky nmgdpbyfb jZaf_s_gby iZfylbbaijb\_^_ggh]h kibkdZ
*OREDO$OORF
JZaf_sZ_lmdZaZggh_dhebq_kl\h[Zclh\\^bgZfbq_kdhc iZfylbb\ha\jZsZ_l 7+DQGOH
wlh]hh[t_dlZ
*OREDO)UHH
Hk\h[h`^Z_liZfylvjZaf_s_ggmx *OREDO$OORF
*OREDO/RFN
<ha\jZsZ_l mdZaZl_ev b [ehdbjm_l ]eh[Zevguc h[t_dl iZfylb ihemq_gguc
*OREDO$OORF
*OREDO8QORFN
Hldju\Z_liZfylvaZdjulmx*OREDO/RFN
Bkihevah\Zgb_^ey[mn_jZh[f_gZnhjfZlZ
hij_^_e_ggh]hihevah\Zl_e_f
=eZ\gZy nhjfZ ijh_dlZ beexkljbjmxs_]h bkihevah\Zgb_ hij_^_e_ggh]h ihevah\Zl_e_f nhjfZlZ ^ey [mn_jZ
h[f_gZ_]hdh^ijb\_^_g\ebklbg]_ihdZaZgZgZjbk
Jbk=eZ\gZynhjfZijbeh`_gbybkihevamxs_]h^ey[mn_jZh[f_gZnhjfZlhij_^_e_gguc
ihevah\Zl_e_f
Ebklbg]Bkoh^gucdh^jZ[hlukihevah\Zl_evkdbfnhjfZlhf
[mn_jZh[f_gZ
XQLW0DLQ)UP
LQWHUIDFH
XVHV
6\V8WLOV:LQ7\SHV:LQ3URFV0HVVDJHV&ODVVHV*UDSKLFV
&RQWUROV)RUPV'LDORJV6WG&WUOVFOLSEUG0DVN&RP&WUOV
W\SH
70DLQ)RUP FODVV7)RUP
HGW)LUVW1DPH7(GLW
HGW/DVW1DPH7(GLW
HGW0,7(GLW
EWQ&RS\7%XWWRQ
EWQ3DVWH7%XWWRQ
PH$JH70DVN(GLW
EWQ&OHDU7%XWWRQ
OEO)LUVW1DPH7/DEHO
OEO/DVW1DPH7/DEHO
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
OEO0,7/DEHO
OEO$JH7/DEHO
OEO%LUWK'DWH7/DEHO
PHP$V7H[W70HPR
OEO&XVWRP7/DEHO
OEO7H[W7/DEHO
GWS%LUWK'DWH7'DWH7LPH3LFNHU
SURFHGXUHEWQ&RS\&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
SURFHGXUHEWQ3DVWH&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
SURFHGXUHEWQ&OHDU&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
HQG
YDU
0DLQ)RUP70DLQ)RUP
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ
XVHVFEGDWD
^5')0`
SURFHGXUH70DLQ)RUPEWQ&RS\&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
Wlh^f_lh^dhibjm_lmijZ\eyxsb_we_f_glunhjfu\[mn_jh[f_gZ
YDU
'DWD2EM7'DWD
EHJLQ
'DWD2EM 7'DWD&UHDWH
WU\
ZLWK'DWD2EM5HFGR
EHJLQ
)1DPH HGW)LUVW1DPH7H[W
/1DPH HGW/DVW1DPH7H[W
0, HGW0,7H[W
$JH 6WU7R,QWPH$JH7H[W
%LUWK'DWH GWS%LUWK'DWH'DWH
'DWD2EM&RS\7R&OLSERDUG
HQG
ILQDOO\
'DWD2EM)UHH
HQG
HQG
SURFHGXUH70DLQ)RUPEWQ3DVWH&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
^Wlhlf_lh^\klZ\ey_l^Zggu_\nhjfZl_&)B''*'$7$ba
[mn_jZh[f_gZ\mijZ\eyxsb_we_f_glunhjfu`
YDU
'DWD2EM7'DWD
EHJLQ
EWQ&OHDU&OLFNQLO
'DWD2EM 7'DWD&UHDWH
WU\
Ijh\_jdZ^hklmi_gebnhjfZl&)B''*'$7$
LI&OLSERDUG+DV)RUPDW&)B''*'$7$WKHQ
Dhibjh\Zgb_^Zgguo\nhjfZl_&)B''*'$7$\we_f_glumijZ\e_gbynhjfu
ZLWK'DWD2EM5HFGR
EHJLQ
'DWD2EM*HW)URP&OLSERDUG
HGW)LUVW1DPH7H[W )1DPH
HGW/DVW1DPH7H[W /1DPH
HGW0,7H[W 0,
PH$JH7H[W ,QW7R6WU$JH
GWS%LUWK'DWH'DWH %LUWK'DWH
HQG
ILQDOO\
'DWD2EM)UHH
HQG
Dhibjh\Zgb_l_dklh\hc\_jkbb^Zgguo\dhfihg_glnhjfu70HPR
LI&OLSERDUG+DV)RUPDW&)B7(;7WKHQ
=eZ\Z
I_j_ghkbgnhjfZpbbkihfhsvx[mn_jZh[f_gZ
PHP$V7H[W3DVWH)URP&OLSERDUG
HQG
SURFHGXUH70DLQ)RUPEWQ&OHDU&OLFN6HQGHU72EMHFW
YDU
LLQWHJHU
EHJLQ
HqbsZ_lkh^_j`bfh_we_f_glh\mijZ\e_gbynhjfu
IRUL WR&RPSRQHQW&RXQWGR
LI&RPSRQHQWV>L@LV7&XVWRP(GLWWKHQ
7&XVWRP(GLW&RPSRQHQWV>L@7H[W HQG
HQG
Dh]^Z ihevah\Zl_ev s_edZ_l gZ dghid_ &RS\ ^Zggu_ kh^_j`Zsb_ky \ 7(GLW b 7PDVN(GLW dhibjmxlky \
ihe_ 7'DWD5HF h[t_dlZ 7'DWD AZl_f \uau\Z_lky f_lh^ 7'DWD&RS\7R&OLSERDUG ihf_sZxsbc wlb
^Zggu_\[mn_jh[f_gZ
Ijb gZ`Zlbb dghidb 3DVWH ijhbkoh^bl h[jZlguc ijhp_kk <hi_j\uo _keb ^Zggu_ \ [mn_j_ h[f_gZ bf_xl
nhjfZl &)B''*'$7$ hgb ihf_sZxlky \ we_f_glu nhjfu L_dklh\h_ ij_^klZ\e_gb_ ^Zgguo lZd`_ dhibjm_lky b
\klZ\ey_lky\dhfihg_gl70HPRJ_amevlZlhi_jZpbb3DVWHihdZaZggZjbk_kl_kl\_ggh\ufh`_l_\klZ\blv
l_dklh\uc\ZjbZgl^Zgguob\^jm]h_:LQGRZVijbeh`_gb_
Jbk>Zggu_\klZ\e_gu\]eZ\gmxnhjfm
DghidZ&OHDUhqbsZ_lkh^_j`bfh_\k_owe_f_glh\mijZ\e_gby]eZ\ghcnhjfu
J_axf_
H[f_g ^Zggufb f_`^m jZaebqgufb ijbeh`_gbyfb² qj_a\uqZcgh wnn_dlb\gZy l_ogheh]by Iha\heyy k\hbf
ijbeh`_gbyf h[f_gb\Zlvky ^Zggufb k ^jm]bfb ijbeh`_gbyfb \u ^_eZ_l_ bo [he__ m^h[gufb \ wdkiemZlZpbb b
wdhghfbl_\j_fyihevah\Zl_e_c<wlhc]eZ\_\umagZebdZdbkihevah\Zlv\kljh_ggu_nmgdpbb[mn_jZh[f_gZ^ey
jZ[hlukmijZ\eyxsbfbwe_f_glZfbnhjfuDjhf_lh]h\ugZmqbebkvkha^Z\Zlvkh[kl\_ggucnhjfZl^eyjZ[hlu
k [mn_jhf h[f_gZ >jm]hc _s_ [he__ wnn_dlb\guc kihkh[ \aZbfh^_ckl\by ijhp_kkh\ ih^jh[gh baeh`_g \
ihke_^mxsbo]eZ\Zo
Похожие документы
Скачать