., . « », . . « », . , . , . , , , , . , , , . : , , , , . ( . ) – , 11% , – 28% . , . . , , , . . , . . , , , , . – 1 . : , , . , – . – . , ( ). . [2]. , , . . . . 97 , . (61 ), (36 ). , 30 (15 ), 50 17 58 30 – 51,6% (50 : 21 50 – ( 27 9 ) (30,0%). ) 63 (32 30 ( ) 33,0% ). (70,0%) – 15,4% ), 40 . (26,6% 30 10 . , . 2 , 73,4% . . -20° , , -10° - -15° . Hitachi Z – 8200. [7], – , 1 –1 (412 13.6 m ) [6], ( ) – [3]. , . . [1], – . [4]. . . « » « » « ». «Statistica 6.0» «Windows». – , – . < 0,05. . , 2,0 0,02 4,02 . . 3 20,9 , - (M ± m) ( ) ( 97 4,75 ± 0,24 1,11 ± 0,08 30 3,58 ± 0,26 0,92 ± 0,07 < 0,01 0,05 > P < 0,1 P ) , . , (0,1 ) . 1,11 ± 0,08 , (0,003 , ) [5]. , . – , . – , « » . , , . , . – . ( 42,2%) . , 50% . . , λ = 270 , . 4 ( 23,5%) λ = 363 ( 33,1%) (Fe2+) 10 λ = 270 363 12% . , . , . λ = 254, 270 , 280 1 . . , , , . , . , , , , . . , , . , , . , . . 1. . 2. – . 5 3. , , . 4. , . 5. , / . . 1. , . , , . , . , 133. - 3. – . 286 – 288. 2. , . // . . . / . 15 ; / . . . . . – 2002. – . // , . , , 2001. – . 12-22. 3. , . // , 1998. – 3. – . 59 – 62. 4. , )/ - 4. – . 398 – 409. 5. , . [ .] // . . – 2000. – . 46. . , , / . , . , . , . // ; . . , . , “ ”, 1997. – . 94 – 106. 6.Ellman, G.L. Tissue sulfhydryl groups / G.L. Ellman // Areh. Biochem. Biophys. 82 (1959). – P. 70 – 77. 7.Stocks, I. The autooxidation of human red cells lipids induced by hydrogen peroxide / I. Stocks and T.L. Dormandy // Br. I. Haematol. 20 (1971). – P. 95 – 111. 6 SUMMARY ROLE OF FREE RADICALS OXIDATION IN PATHOGENESIS OF RETINAL DYSTROPHIES T.G. Kholupko, N.G. Tsar Educational Institution “Grodno State Medical University” Summary Patients with retinal dystrophies have been determined to show a definite increase in the level of lead and cadmium in blood as compared to their level in the control group subjects. The revealed increase in the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in erythrocytes and decrease in the level of antioxidant activity in plasma as well as in the content of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes of patients with retinal dystrophies as compared to these indices in healthy people indicate the development of oxidative stress. Hence, intensification of free radical processes is probably one of the chief parts of retinal dystrophy pathogenesis. Negative influence of heavy metals results in intensification of free radical processes in retina and may be one of the causes of damage and death of neurons as well as of the development of dystrophy. Key words: retinal dystrophy, heavy metals, free radicals oxidation, lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation. 7