кинетика прямых индуцированных водородом

реклама
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
DBG?LBD:IJYFUOBG>MPBJH<:GGUO
<H>HJH>HFN:AH<UOIJ?<J:S?GBC<KIE:<?
Sm2Fe17
?<>h^hgh\Z>hgGLM>hg_pdDIKdhdh\X=IZklmr_gdh\
(L=M]L\_jvJhkkby)
<jZ[hl_bamq_gZdbg_lbdZbg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfijyfuonZ
ah\uoij_\jZs_gc\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17IhdZaZghqlhih\ur_gb_l_fi_jZlm
ju h[jZ[hldb ijb\h^bl d agZqbl_evghfm mkdhj_gbx nZah\h]h ij_\jZs_
gby MklZgh\e_gh qlh ^Zggh_ ij_\jZs_gb_ ijhl_dZ_l ih f_oZgbafm aZ
jh`^_gbybjhklZ
<h^hjh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ fZl_jbZeh\ – gh\Zy h[eZklv fZl_jbZeh\_^_
gbyhkgh\ZggZygZki_pbnbq_kdbohkh[_gghklyo \h^hjh^Z b \uau\Z_fuo
bf\fZl_jbZeZonZah\uoij_\jZs_gbyo>@
IjZdlbq_kdh_ ijbf_g_gb_ bg^mpbjh\Zgguo \h^hjh^hf ijyfuo b
h[jZlguonZah\uoij_\jZs_gbclZdgZau\Z_fucHDDR-ijhp_kk\fZ]gb
lhl\_j^uokieZ\Zoj_^dha_f_evguobi_j_oh^guof_lZeeh\lbiZNd2Fe14B
b Sm2Fe17 iha\hey_l agZqbl_evgh memqrblv bo kljmdlmjm b fZ]gblgu_
k\hckl\Z>@
OZjZdl_jghcq_jlhc^ZgguokieZ\h\y\ey_lkylhqlhijbgZkus_gbb
\h^hjh^hf hgb klZgh\ylky l_jfh^bgZfbq_kdb g_klZ[bevgufb b ijb ih
\ur_gguol_fi_jZlmjZoij_l_ji_\ZxlnZah\h_ij_\jZs_gb_jZkiZ^Zxlky
gZ ]b^jb^ j_^dha_f_evgh]h dhfihg_glZ b .-nZam `_e_aZ Z \ kemqZ_ k
Nd2Fe14Bijbkmlkl\m_llZd`_[hjb^`_e_aZW\ZdmZpby\h^hjh^Z\uau\Z_l
h[jZlgh_ nZah\h_ ij_\jZs_gb_ \ j_amevlZl_ dhlhjh]h nhjfbjm_lky ^bk
i_jkgZyi_j\hgZqZevgZynZaZ
Bgl_jf_lZeebq_kdbckieZ\Sm2Fe17aZkem`b\Z_l\gbfZgbyg_lhevdh
\ke_^kl\b__]hk\hckl\Zkhj[bjh\ZlvbojZgblv\h^hjh^ghlZd`_[eZ]h^Z
jyagZqbl_evghfmbaf_g_gbx_]hfZ]gblguok\hckl\ijb\aZbfh^_ckl\bb
k\h^hjh^hfLZdgZijbf_j\h^hjh^jZkl\hj_gguc\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17ih
\urZ_l_]hl_fi_jZlmjmDxjbgZD>@
J_^dha_f_evgu_ fZ]gblu ijb]hlh\e_ggu_ gZ hkgh\_ kieZ\Z 6P-Fe,
h[eZ^Zxl ohjhrbfb fZ]gblgufb oZjZdl_jbklbdZfb \ukhdb_ agZq_gby
gZfZ]gbq_gghklb gZkus_gby dhwjpblb\ghc kbeu l_jfbq_kdhc klZ[bev
ghklvxZlZd`_mklhcqb\hklvxihhlghr_gbxdijhp_kkZfdhjjhabbHgb
ijbf_gyxlky\`_kldbo^bkdZodhfivxl_jh\bwe_dljbq_kdbofhlhjZoih
klhyggh]h lhdZ \ lhf kemqZ_ _keb klZ[bevghklv k\hckl\ ih l_fi_jZlmj_
193
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
bf__l[hevrh_agZq_gb_\qZklghklb\ba^_ebyodhkfbq_kdhcbh[hjhgghc
ijhfure_gghklb>@
GZ]j_\ kieZ\Z gZ hkgh\_ Sm2Fe17 \ Zlfhkn_j_ \h^hjh^Z ijb\h^bl d
nhjfbjh\Zgbx gZ gZqZevghc klZ^bb l\_j^h]h jZkl\hjZ \g_^j_gby
Sm2Fe17H//max >@ >Ze__ijbl_fi_jZlmjZok\ur_ÛKkieZ\ij_
l_ji_\Z_lnZah\h_ij_\jZs_gb_ihke_^mxs_cko_f_
Sm2Fe17 H/ + (2+x-//2)H2 :6P+2+x + 17Fe
(1).
< j_amevlZl_ ijyfh]h nZah\h]h ij_\jZs_gby bg^mpbjh\Zggh]h \h
^hjh^hf nhjfbjmxlky qZklbpu ]b^jb^Z kZfZjby ^bZf_ljhf g_kdhevdh
gfjZkij_^_e_ggu_\fZljbp_.-`_e_aZ>@
Ihke_w\ZdmZpbb\h^hjh^Z\\Zdmmf_ijbih\ur_gguol_fi_jZlmjZo
^bki_jkguc ihjhrhd kieZ\Z khklhbl ba j_nhjfbjh\Zgghc hkgh\ghc n_j
jhfZ]gblghcnZaubh[eZ^Z_lih\ur_ggufbfZ]gblgufbk\hckl\Zfb
Hq_\b^ghqlhihgbfZgb_dbg_lbq_kdbohkh[_gghkl_cbg^mpbjh\Zg
guo \h^hjh^hf nZah\uo ij_\jZs_gbc \ kieZ\_ Sm2Fe17 iha\hebl dhgljh
ebjh\ZlvfbdjhkljmdlmjmZlZd`_fZ]gblgu_k\hckl\Z^Zggh]hfZl_jbZeZ
P_evx gZklhys_c jZ[hlu y\eyehkv bkke_^h\Zgb_ dbg_lbdb ijyfuo
bg^mpbjh\Zgguo \h^hjh^hf nZah\uo ij_\jZs_gbc \ fZ]gblhl\_j^hf
kieZ\_Sm2Fe17ijbl_fi_jZlmjZo-750 ÛKb^Z\e_gbb\h^hjh^ZFIZ
Bkke_^h\Zgb_dbg_lbdbijyfuonZah\uoij_\jZs_gbcB<NIijh
\h^beb gZ ki_pbZevghc \h^hjh^gh-\Zdmmfghc mklZgh\d_ jZ[hlZ dhlhjhc
hkgh\ZgZ gZ fZ]gblhf_ljbq_kdhf f_lh^_ KZ^bdh\Z >@ >ZggZy mklZgh\dZ
iha\hey_lbamqZlvdbg_lbdmbg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZ
s_gbcijbl_fi_jZlmjZo^h ÛKb\bgl_j\Ze_jZ[hqbo^Z\e_gbc\h^h
jh^Zhl^hFIZZlZd`_\\Zdmmf_^hIZ
< hkgh\_ j_]bkljZpbb \u^_eyxsboky \ oh^_ nZah\uo ij_\jZs_gbc
gh\uo nZa e_`bl lhl nZdl qlh \ bkke_^m_fhf l_fi_jZlmjghf bgl_j\Ze_
(550-750 ÛKbkoh^guckieZ\Sm2Fe17iZjZfZ]gbl_gLk=254 ÛKZnZaZ.Fe y\ey_lkyn_jjhfZ]gblghc ;eZ]h^Zjy wlhfm ih jhklm beb mf_gvr_gbx
dhebq_kl\Z n_jjhfZ]gblghc nZau fh`gh j_]bkljbjh\Zlv jZa\blb_ nZah
\uoij_\jZs_gbc^Zgguff_lh^hf
Bgl_jf_lZeebq_kdbckieZ\Sm2Fe17fZkk[ueba]hlh\e_g\eZ[h
jZlhjbb dZn_^ju fZ]g_lbafZ nbabdh-l_ogbq_kdh]h nZdmevl_lZ L\_jkdh]h
=hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]h mgb\_jkbl_lZ iml_f kieZ\e_gby qbkluo dhfihg_glh\ \
we_dljhi_qb Ihke_ wlh]hijhba\h^behkv ^jh[e_gb_kebldh\ kieZ\Z \ rZ
jh\hcf_evgbp_^hjZaf_jh\qZklbp-fdf
GZ jbk ijb\_^_gu j_amevlZlu j_gl]_ghkljmdlmjgh]h ZgZebaZ bk
oh^gh]hkieZ\ZSm2Fe17ijh\_^_ggh]hgZ^bnjZdlhf_lj_>JHG-F\ba
emq_gbbFeK-.DZd\b^ghbajbk\bkoh^ghfkhklhygbbkieZ\khklhbl
bahkgh\ghcnZauSm2Fe17kg_agZqbl_evgufdhebq_kl\hfhdkb^ZkZfZjby
194
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
(Sm2O3).
6P)H
6P 2
θ]jZ^
Jbkmghd–>bnjZdlh]jZffZbkoh^gh]hkieZ\ZSm2Fe17.
Ihjhrhd bkke_^m_fh]h kieZ\Z fZkkhc ] ihf_sZeb \ jZ[hqmx
dZf_jm Z aZl_f \Zdmmfbjh\Zeb __ ^h ^Z\e_gby a IZ >Ze__ kieZ\ gZ]j_
\Zeky \Zdmmf_ kh kdhjhklvx ÛKfbg ^h l_fi_jZlmj bÛKihke_\u^_j`db\l_q_gb_-fbgml^eymklZgh\e_gbybah
l_jfbq_kdbo mkeh\bc \ dZf_jm ih^Z\Zeb \h^hjh^ ^h ^Z\e_gby FIZ
HoeZ`^_gb_ h[jZaph\ kieZ\Z Sm2Fe17 ijh\h^beb \ \Zdmmf_ ^h dhfgZlghc
l_fi_jZlmju
>Zggu_ ihemq_ggu_ \ oh^_ wdki_jbf_glZ bkihevah\Zeb ^ey ih
kljh_gbydbg_lbq_kdbodjb\uo
J_amevlZlu bkke_^h\Zgby h[h[s_gu gZ jbk \ \b^_ dbg_lbq_kdbo
djb\uo
DZd\b^ghbajbkijbl_fi_jZlmjZoÛKbÛKdjb\u_b
ijyfh_ bg^mpbjh\Zggh_ \h^hjh^hf nZah\h_ ij_\jZs_gb_ g_ aZ\_jrZ_lky
aZ \j_fy wdki_jbf_glZ b ijhoh^bl gZ b khhl\_lkl\_ggh Ijb
l_fi_jZlmjZo ÛK b ÛK djb\u_ b ij_\jZs_gb_ ijhoh^bl g_
kdhevdh [uklj__ b aZ \j_fy wdki_jbf_glZ ^hklb]Z_l b aZ\_j
r_gghklbIh\ur_gb_l_fi_jZlmjuh[jZ[hldb^hÛKbÛKdjb\u_
bijb\h^bldlhfmqlhnZah\h_ij_\jZs_gb_\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17ihegh
klvx aZ\_jrZ_lky aZ b fbgml khhl\_lkl\_ggh LZdbf h[jZahf k
m\_ebq_gb_fl_fi_jZlmjuhlÛK^hÛKbkke_^m_fh_ijyfh_nZah\h_
ij_\jZs_gb_kbevghmkdhjy_lkyKhhl\_lkl\_gghbf__lf_klhmf_gvr_gb_
bgdm[Zpbhggh]h i_jbh^Z ij_\jZs_gby k jhklhf l_fi_jZlmju h[jZ[hldb
?keb^eyl_fi_jZlmjÛKbÛK_]hijh^he`bl_evghklvkhklZ\eyeZklhkih\ur_gb_fl_fi_jZlmju^h-750ÛKbgdm[Zpbhgguci_jbh^
khdjZlbeky^h-k
195
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
Kl_i_gv ij_\jZs_gby
Kl_i_gv ij_\jZs_gby
<j_fy fbgmlu
<j_fy fbgmlu
Jbkmghd–Dbg_lbq_kdb_djb\u_bg^mpbjh\Zggh]h\h^hjh^hfijy
fh]hnZah\h]hij_\jZs_gbyijbl_fi_jZlmjZobahl_jfbq_kdhc\u^_j`db
1- 750ÛK- 730ÛK- 650ÛK- 610ÛK- 570ÛK- 550ÛK
J_amevlZlugZklhys_cjZ[hluohjhrhkh]eZkmxlkyk^ZggufbjZ[h
lu>@]^_[uehh[gZjm`_ghqlhijbm\_ebq_gbbl_fi_jZlmjbahl_jfbq_
kdhc\u^_j`db\bgl_j\Ze_-750ÛKijyfu_bg^mpbjh\Zggu_\h^hjh^hf
nZah\u_ij_\jZs_gby\kieZ\_Nd2Fe14BlZd`_kbevghmkdhjyxlky
DZdihdZaZebj_gl]_ghkljmdlmjgu_bkke_^h\Zgbyihke_ijh\_^_gby
ijyfh]h B<NI jZkiZ\rbcky kieZ\ khklhbl ba ^\mo nZa .-`_e_aZ b ]b^
jb^ghcnZauSmH2jbkHdkb^kZfZjbyijbkmlkl\m_lb\jZkiZ\r_fky
kieZ\_ghdhebq_kl\h_]hmf_gvrZ_lky\ke_^kl\b_qZklbqgh]h\hkklZgh\
e_gby \h^hjh^hf \h \j_fy h[jZ[hldb qlh fh`gh \b^_lv ih mf_gvr_gbx
bgl_gkb\ghklb^bnjZdpbhgguoibdh\
DZdba\_klgh^bnnmabhggu_nZah\u_ij_\jZs_gbyfh]ml[ulv^\mo
lbih\kibgh^ZevgucjZkiZ^bnZah\u_ij_\jZs_gbyihf_oZgbafmaZjh`
^_gbybjhklZ
Ij_\jZs_gbyihf_oZgbafmkibgh^Zevgh]hjZkiZ^Zlj_[mxl^bnnm
abhgguoi_j_f_s_gbcdhfihg_glh\kieZ\ZgZfZeu_jZkklhygbyihjy^dZ
f_`Zlhfguo b fh]ml hkms_kl\eylvky ijb ^hklZlhqgh gbadbo l_fi_jZlm
196
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
jZobkhlghkbl_evgh[hevrbfbkdhjhklyfbNZah\u_ij_\jZs_gbyihf_
oZgbafm aZjh`^_gby b jhklZ lj_[mxl ^bnnmabb Zlhfh\ gZ jZkklhygby
[hevrb_ f_`Zlhfguo ihwlhfm hgb ijhl_dZxl ijb [he__ \ukhdbo l_fi_
jZlmjZob^eyboaZ\_jr_gbylj_[mxlky[he__^ebl_evgu_i_jbh^u\j_f_
gb
6P+
α)H
6P 2
θ]jZ^
Jbkmghd–>bnjZdlh]jZffZkieZ\ZSm2Fe17ihke_ijh\_^_gbyijy
fh]hbg^mpbjh\Zggh]h\h^hjh^hfnZah\h]hij_\jZs_gby
DZd\b^ghbaijyfh_nZah\h_ij_\jZs_gb_bg^mpbjh\Zggh_\h
^hjh^hf\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17oZjZdl_jbam_lkygZebqb_fbgdm[Zpbhggh]hi_
jbh^Zbbf__lf_klhihkl_i_ggh_aZf_^e_gb_kdhjhklbij_\jZs_gbyjbk
Wlh iha\hey_l \ukdZaZlv ij_^iheh`_gb_ qlh ^Zggh_ ij_\jZs_gb_ hl
ghkblkydnZah\ufij_\jZs_gbyfaZjh`^_gbybjhklZ
>ey ^Zevg_cr_]h ZgZebaZ f_oZgbafZ ij_\jZs_gby bkihevah\Zeb
l_hjbx nZah\uo ij_\jZs_gbc :\jZfb >@ kh]eZkgh dhlhjhc kl_i_gv aZ
\_jr_gghklb nZah\h]h ij_\jZs_gby hibku\Z_lky ke_^mxsbf \ujZ`_gb
_f
ξ = − H[S −NW 3 ,
(2)
]^_t –\j_fyZk b n –g_dhlhju_dhgklZglu
DZd\b^ghbajbkmgdZh[jZ[hlZggu_wdki_jbf_glZevgu_j_amevlZ
lu hl ^h ij_\jZs_gby ij_^klZ\e_ggu_ \ dhhj^bgZlZo
OQ− OQ − ξ − OQ W ohjhrh Ziijhdkbfbjmxlky ijyfufb ebgbyfb LZg
]_gkm]eZbogZdehgZ\kj_^g_fkhklZ\ey_ln=1,33.
197
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
OQ[−OQξ]
OQW
Jbkmghd – Djb\u_ >`hgkhgZ-F_eZ-:\jZfb ^ey ijyfh]h nZah\h]h
ij_\jZs_gbybg^mpbjh\Zggh]h\h^hjh^hf\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17ijbl_fi_jZ
lmjZobahl_jfbq_kdhc\u^_j`db– 750 ÛK– 650 ÛK– 610 ÛK– 570
ÛK
Kh]eZkgh :\jZfb >@ _keb ‹n‹ lh ij_\jZs_gb_ fh`gh deZkkb
nbpbjh\Zlv dZd ij_\jZs_gb_ k ^bnnmabhggh-dhgljhebjm_fhc kdhjhklvx
jhklZ p_gljh\ gh\hc nZau Wlh ih^l\_j`^Z_l \ukdZaZggh_ jZg__ ij_^ih
eh`_gb_qlhbamqZ_fh_ij_\jZs_gb_jZa\b\Z_lkyihf_oZgbafm aZjh`^_
gbybjhklZ
K ihfhsvx j_gl]_ghkljmdlmjgh]h ZgZebaZ mklZgh\e_gh qlh \ bk
oh^ghfkhklhygbbbkke_^m_fuckieZ\khklhblbahkgh\ghcnZauSm2Fe17k
g_agZqbl_evgufdhebq_kl\hfhdkb^ZkZfZjby
Bkke_^h\ZgZdbg_lbdZbg^mpbjh\Zggh]h\h^hjh^hfijyfh]hnZah\h
]hij_\jZs_gby\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17MklZgh\e_ghqlhkm\_ebq_gb_fl_fi_
jZlmju\bgl_j\Ze_Û- 750ÛKnZah\h_ij_\jZs_gb_kbevghmkdhjy_lkyb
ijbl_fi_jZlmjZoÛKbÛKiheghklvxaZ\_jrZ_lkyaZbfb
gml khhl\_lkl\_ggh J_gl]_ghkljmdlmjgufb bkke_^h\Zgbyfb ih^l\_j`^_
gh qlh ihke_ ijh\_^_gby ijyfh]h B<NI bkke_^m_fuc kieZ\ khklhbl ba
]b^jb^ZkZfZjbySmH2b.-`_e_aZ
MklZgh\e_ghqlhijyfu_bg^mpbjh\Zggu_\h^hjh^hfnZah\u_ij_
\jZs_gby\kieZ\_Sm2Fe17y\eyxlkyij_\jZs_gbyfbaZjh`^_gbybjhklZ
198
Dbg_lbdZijyfuobg^mpbjh\Zgguo\h^hjh^hfnZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc«
I_j_q_gvkkuehd
1. Progress in hydrogen treatment of materials. Edited by V.A. Goltsov.- Donetsk: Coral Gables, 2001.– 544 p.
2. S.B. Rybalka, V.A. Goltsov, V.A. Didus, D. Fruchart. Fundamentals of the
HDDR treatment of Nd2Fe14B type alloys// J. Alloys Comp.– 2003.– V. 356357.-P. 390 – 394.
3. Okada M., Saito K., Nakamura H., Sugimoto S., Homma M. Microstructural
evolutions during HDDR phenomena in Sm2Fe17Nx compounds // J. Alloys
Comp.– 1995.– V. 231.– P. 60 – 65.
4. Y. Fukai. The Metal-Hydrogen System.– Springer, Berlin, 1993.
5. Fbrbg>>FZ]gblgu_fZl_jbZeu–F.: <ukrZy rdheZ, 1991.-384 k.
6. C.N.Christodoulou, T. Takeshita. Hydrogenation of Sm2Fe17// J. Alloys and
Comp.– 1993. V. 194.– P. 113.
7. N. Mommer, J.van Lier, M. Hirsher, H. Kronmuller. Measurement of N and
C diffusion in Sm2Fe17 by magnetic relaxion// J. Alloys and Comp.– 1998.–
V. 270.– P. 58.
8. Eb\rbp;=Nbabq_kdb_k\hckl\Zq_jguof_lZeeh\bf_lh^ubobkiu
lZgbc–Fhkd\Z-E_gbg]jZ^HGLB– 253 k.
9. Goltsov V.A., S.B. Rybalka, A.F. Volkov. Kinetics of the hydrogen –induced
direct and reverse diffusive phase transformation in industrial alloy of
Nd2Fe14B type // Functional Materials.– 1999.– V. 6. ‹ 3.– P. 326 – 330.
10.>`DjbklbZgL_hjbynZah\uoij_\jZs_gbc\f_lZeeZobkieZ\Zo-F
Fbj
 >h^hgh\Z?<Kdhdh\DIIZklmr_gdh\X=
199
Скачать