EDUCATION IN NORWAY Выполнила: Кшишевская А.И., 21-7БР1 History of education system ◦ The origin of the school dates back to the Middle Ages. Shortly after the establishment of an archbishopric in Norway in 1152, cathedral schools were established to train priests in Trondheim, Oslo and Bergen. ◦ In the 18th century, the central administration began to take a serious interest in the processes of education. They issued a new statute for the universities in 1732, for higher schools in 1739, a statute of confirmation in 1736, and a law for schools in 1739. History of education system ◦ In 1811, a university was formed in Norway, which began operating in 1813. ◦ After 1814, a demand was made to improve schools for peasant children. ◦ In 1864 the first Norwegian public institutions were founded. ◦ After the political reform of 1884 with the introduction of parliamentarism, the school system was fundamentally changed again. ◦ In 1889, a public school appeared for all strata of society. История системы образования ◦ The higher schools were reformed by a law of 1896. High school education was now 4 years, followed by 5 years of folk school or other preparatory education. ◦ Agricultural schools were the first vocational schools. ◦ Schools for children with disabilities appeared in the 19th century. In 1881, the first law on such schools was issued, concerning deaf, blind and mentally retarded children. History of education system ◦ After World War II, there was a dramatic increase in vocational schools. State vocational schools at factories and trade schools were formed on the basis of home economics schools. ◦ Since the mid-1960s, there was the development of higher education and new educational institutions have been created. And in 1969, the first regional institutes appeared, which were educational institutions in which people studied after gymnasiums, etc. Education system in Norway Higher education Upper secondary education Primary and lower secondary education Pre-school daycare and education Pre-school daycare and education ◦ Children are admitted to kindergartens from the age of one. About 80% of the children of the state visit indergartens. ◦ In kindergartens of Norway, emphasis is placed on the developing of fine motor skills. And each child is given maximum opportunities to show their creative abilities. Primary and lower secondary education Primary school Lower secondary school Upper secondary school • Grades 1–7, ages 6–13 • Grades 8–10, ages 13–16 • Grades VG1-VG3, ages 16–19 Primary school ◦ The list of compulsory subjects in elementary school includes mathematics, native and English languages, drawing and music, and also the basics of the Christian religion and moral education, home economics and one elective discipline. ◦ From 1st to 7th grade in Norwegian schools there is no such thing as grade. Lower secondary school ◦ Here, children begin to study accounting, ecology and economics. ◦ After three years, no exams are required. Usually, pupils are already interested in learning, because admission to upper secondary school depends on their academic performance. Upper secondary school ◦ From the age of 16 to 19, most children continue to study at school. Thy choose one of two directions: Working specialty. This education in Norway lasts 4-5 years. After graduation, young people go through a two- or three-year paid practice. At the academic branch, students are preparing for entering universities and colleges. Higher education Университеты Профессиональные колледжи Специализированные высшие школы Курсы дополнительного образования Conditions for entering universities ◦ There are no entrance exams to colleges and universities in Norway and, in fact, when entering a university, a competition of school certificates is held. ◦ Studying at the university lasts from 3.5 to 4 years. As a rule, at the faculties of humanities, students study for half a year longer than at the faculties of natural sciences. ◦ University programs in medicine, law, economics and engineering are built in a completely different way. There, you need to study according to a special program from 4.5 to 6 years.
