IRuskov-Themes for Students Practice 2016 JINR-FLNP-proposal-v2

Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Theme: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
For…………...Curious students, Potential Bachelors and Masters in Physics
What………...Special Course on Neutron, Nuclear and Radiation Physics
Where….........Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, JINR, 141980 Dubna, Russian Federation.
When………. During the students’ practicums, organized by JINR University Center,
http://newuc.jinr.ru/events_plan.asp.
Language……Scramble English or Russian
Obligatory…..Nothing
Desirably……To want, to think
Diploma work….......Possible; Bachelor (4-5 months); Master (6-10 months)
Diploma theme……. 14.1 MeV neutrons induced (n,n')-reaction on zXA nuclei;
Any TANGRA-project related one [1-5].
Diploma language….any, readable.
Elements of Neutron Physics
Dr. I.N. Ruskov
Lecture # 1: Neutron. Properties. Sources of neutrons. Neutron producing facilities (NPF) types and
characteristics. IBR-2, IREN NPF, “Romashka” and TANGRA experimental set-ups.
Lecture # 2: Radioactivity: sources, types and characteristics. Neutron-gamma sources & fields.
Metrology and dosimetry of mixed neutron-gamma fields. Radiation safety and security
issues.
Lecture # 3: Neutron induced nuclear reactions. Interaction of neutrons and gamma-rays with matter.
Lecture # 4: Neutron and gamma-ray detectors. Multi-detector systems (MDS). “Romashka”- type
NaI(Tl) MDS. Gamma-ray detector time- and energy- characteristics: energy resolution
and efficiency of registration.
Lecture # 5: Neutron time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy & spectrometry.
Lecture # 6: Basic & Applied Research with neutrons. Determination of elemental and isotopic
composition of samples with use of neutrons & gamma spectrometry methods.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Elements of Programming and Physical Simulations
Dr. Yu.N. Kopatch
Lecture # 1: LINUX operation system
Lecture # 2: Programing language C++, software for data analysis (ROOT) and modeling (GEANT4)
Lecture # 3: Software for digital signal processing (ADCM) and analysis (ROMANA, TOFANA)
Objectives
The techniques of C++ programing, CERN ROOT script creating, GEANT4 physics experiments
simulations in PC Linux Mint operation system, are explored.
You will become familiar with:
- PC Linux Mint operation system;
- Data acquisition and visualization software ADCM;
- Data reduction and analysis by ROMANA and TOFANA;
- Basic knowledge of physics experiment simulations by GEANT4.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 1
Study of TANGRA experimental setup for basic and applied nuclear research
with 14.1 MeV neutrons [2]
Objectives
Techniques in development of a computerize system for investigation of 14.1 MeV neutrons induced
nuclear reactions explored.
You will learn:
- about tagging of 14.1MeV neutrons by the associated with them alpha-particles;
- to use a computerized system for experimental data acquisition and analysis;
- to identify and explain the photo-peak, the Compton edge, and the backscatter, single and doubleescape peaks, associated with gamma-ray interactions;
- to calibrate the detector (system) with standard point sources of gamma-rays;
- to determine the activity and half-life of gamma ray irradiating isotopes.
The outcome from the practice will be a report on description of the tools and methods which are
going to be used for the investigation of 14.1 MeV neutrons inducing nuclear reactions.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 2
Optimization of Multilayer Passive Shielding of NaI(Tl) Scintillation Crystal Probes
Operating in Intense Neutron Fields with Energy of 14.1 MeV [4]
Objectives
Techniques in gamma ray spectroscopy & spectrometry using a hexagonal NaI(Tl) scintillation
detector are explored.
You will learn:
- to use a computerized system for experimental data acquisition and analysis;
- to identify and explain the photo-peak, the Compton edge, and the backscatter, single and doubleescape peaks, associated with gamma-ray interactions;
- to determine the suppression factor of different materials to be used as a shielding.
The outcome from the practice will be a report on the optimization of multi-layer shielding-collimator
for protecting the “Romashka” multi-detector scintillation array from the direct and scattered 14.1
MeV neutrons from the neutron generator ING-27.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 3
Determination of the anisotropy of irradiation of gamma-rays in the inelastic scattering of
14.1MeV neutrons on carbon [4]
Objectives
Techniques in gamma ray spectroscopy & spectrometry using a hexagonal NaI(Tl) scintillation
detector are explored.
You will learn:
- to use a computerized system for experimental data acquisition (ADCM) and analysis
(ROMANA);
- to identify and explain the photo-peak, the Compton edge, and the backscatter, single and doubleescape peaks, associated with interaction of 4.44 MeV with the NaI(Tl) crystal media;
- to determine the full-energy peak area by fitting a suitable function(s) to the gamma-ray energy
spectrum;
- to calculate the angular anisotropy of irradiation of 4.44 MeV gamma-rays.
The outcome from the practice will be a report on the results obtained.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 4
Gamma-ray energy calibration of the “Romashka” array
Objectives
Techniques in gamma ray spectroscopy & spectrometry using a hexagonal NaI(Tl) scintillation
detector are explored.
You will learn:
- to use a computerized system for experimental data acquisition and analysis;
- to identify and explain the photo-peak, the Compton edge, and the backscatter, single and doubleescape peaks, associated with gamma-ray interactions;
- to calibrate the detector (system) with standard point sources of gamma-rays;
- to determine the activity and half-life of gamma ray irradiating isotopes.
The outcome from the practice will be a report on the results obtained.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 5
Investigation of natural background gamma-radiation by “Romashka” array [3, 6-8]
Objectives
Techniques in gamma-ray spectroscopy & spectrometry using NaI(Tl) scintillation gamma-detector
array, ADCM and ROMANA are explored.
You will learn:
- to work in Linux environment;
- to become familiar with the program for NaI(Tl) pulse processing (ADCM), visualization and
analysis (ROMANA);
- to determine the main components of the gamma-radiation background in the laboratory;
The outcome from the practice will be a report on the results obtained.
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
Laboratory Practicum # 6
Gamma Ray Spectroscopy by PC Sound card [9]
Objectives
Techniques in gamma ray spectroscopy & spectrometry using a hexagonal NaI(Tl) scintillation
detector and a USB Sound card as a multichannel pulse analyzer are explored.
You will learn:
- to investigate the performance a different (PC, USB) sound cards for experimental data
acquisition;
- to compare different sound card freeware software for data acquisition and visualization;
- to identify and explain the photo-peak, the Compton edge, backscatter, single and double-escape
peaks, associated with gamma-ray interactions;
- to compare the PC USB sound card performance with PCI and main board ones using a
hexagonal NaI(Tl) probe and (137Cs and 60Co) standard point gamma-ray sources.
Relevant parameters for NaI(Tl) are:
** Density: 3.67 g/cm3; ** Z: Na=11, I=53, Tl=81; ** Decay time: 230 ns @ 25 °C.
** Luminescent efficiency: 12% of energy of incident radiation.
** Temperature coefficient of luminescence: 0.2 to 2% per οC.
** Wavelength of maximum emission: 420 nm.
** Index of refraction: 1.85 @ 420 nm.
** Energy resolution: 6.5% @ 662 KeV at best. (7.5% typical)
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry
Neutron – Target and Tool
For Scientific Research
References
1. Yu.N. Kopatch (for TANGRA collaboration), Development of the tagged neutron method for elemental
analysis and nuclear reaction studies – TANGRA project, http://isinn.jinr.ru/past-isinns/isinn-22/progr28_05_2014/Kopatch.pdf.
2. I.N. Ruskov, Yu.N. Kopatch, V.M. Bystritsky et al., TANGRA-Setup for the Investigation of
Nuclear Fission induced by 14.1 MeV neutrons, Physics Procedia 64 (2015) 163-170; ISSN 23:1875-3892, Elsevier, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875389215001388.
3. D.N. Grozdanov, A.O. Zontikov, Optimization of "Romashka" setup for investigation of (n,
n'gamma)-reactions with tagged neutrons method, ISINN-23 proceedings: http://isinn.jinr.ru/pastisinns/isinn-23/program.html..
4. V.M. Bystritsky, V. Valkovic, D.N. Grozdanov et al., Multilayer Passive Shielding of Scintillation
Detectors Based on BGO, NaI(Tl) and Stilbene Crystals Operating in Intense Neutron Fields with
an Energy of 14.1 MeV, Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters 12(2) (2015) 325-335.
5. Yu.N. Kopatch, D.N. Grozdanov, A.O. Zontikov et al., Angular correlation of gamma-rays in the
inelastic scattering of 14 MeV neutrons on carbon, ISINN-23, May 26-29, 2015, Dubna,
http://isinn.jinr.ru/past-isinns/isinn-23/progr-29_05_2015/Kopatch.pdf..
6. G.F. Knoll, Radiation Detection and Measurement – 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
2000, http://physics.ut.ac.ir/~shafiei/pub/knoll.pdf.
7. W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments: A How-to Approach, 2nd.
rev. ed., Springer-Verlag, 1994.
8. A.C. Melissinos and J. Napolitano, Experiments in Modern Physics, Academic Press, 2003, ch.9.2.
9. I.N. Ruskov, Universal Monitor of Low Intensity Mixed Neutron-Gamma Radiation Fields Utilizing
the Computer Sound Card as Multichannel Pulse Analyzer, http://isinn.jinr.ru/proceedings/isinn22/pdf/ruskov.pdf.
Contacts:
Director:
Program Curator:
Local Contacts:
Supervisors:
Assistants:
Address: JINR, University Center, Joliot Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia
Name, Surname
Degree
Position
Telephone:
Stanislav Z. Pakuliak
Sc.D
Professor
+7 (496216)
Elena G. Karpova
5089, 4080, 4942
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Department of Nuclear Physics
Yuri N. Kopatch
Ph.D
Section head
+7 (496216) 2459
Ivan N. Ruskov
Ph.D
Senior scientist +7 (496216) 2785
Dimitar N. Grozdanov
Junior scientist +7 (496216) 3131
Fuad A. Aliyev
Engineer
+7 (496216) 3131
Fax: +7 (49621) 65851
e-mail
students@jinr.ru
kopatch@nf.jinr.ru
ruskoiv@nf.jinr.ru
dimitar@flnp.jinr.ru
fuad.aliyev107@gmail.com
Composed by: Dr. I.N. Ruskov
Tel. +7 (496216) 2785; e-mail: ruskoiv@nf.jinr.ru
JINR© Summer Student Practicum Program: Neutron- and Gamma-ray Spectrometry