Санникова Татьяна Яковлевна учитель английского языка МБОУ «ООШ №8» г. Таштагола

Санникова Татьяна Яковлевна
учитель английского языка
МБОУ «ООШ №8» г. Таштагола
Сценарий внеклассного мероприятия по английскому языку для учащихся
5-9 класса
The Battle of Britain (Британия в годы II мировой войны)
Тематические чтения.
Данное мероприятие может быть подготовлено и проведено учащимися 8-9
классов во внеклассной работе ко Дню Победы. Тематические чтения
предоставят возможность задуматься о том, что все проблемы между народами
и государствами должны решаться мирным путём, без применения военных
действий, которые могут привести к глобальным катастрофам.
Учитывая серьёзность и сложность материала для восприятия учащимися 5-6
классов, а также возможное присутствие гостей - ветеранов войны, учителей
школы, можно порекомендовать произнести слова ведущего на русском языке.
Рефераты выступающих по разным разделам также можно представить
слушателям на английском и русском языках.
Цели и задачи мероприятия:
1. Повысить интерес учащихся к истории страны изучаемого языка.
2.Познакомить с героями войны Великобритании.
3.Формировать нравственные качества, патриотические чувства.
4.Воспитывать такие качества как мужество, стойкость, решительность
5.Практиковать учащихся в восприятии и понимании иноязычной речи на слух.
Оформление мероприятия.
1.План тематических чтений.
2.Карта военных действий в Европе во II мировой войне.
3.Таблица общих потерь военно-воздушных сил Великобритании и Германии.
4.Презентация слайдов.
5.Музыкальное оформление (музыка Шостаковича, Бетховена, Чайковского).
Подготовительный этап.
1.Обсуждение плана тематических чтений.
2.Выбор ведущего и участников мероприятия.
3.Выбор учащимися рефератов по плану тематических чтений.
Основной этап.
1.Чтение и перевод текстов из журналов: «Иностранные языки в школе»,
«Методическая мозаика» (приложение к журналу), журналов для изучающих
английский язык «Speak out ».
2.Поиск информации в информационной сети Интернет.
3.Подбор иллюстраций.
4.Составление рефератов.
Заключительный этап.
Проведение внеклассного мероприятия по следующему плану:
The Battle of Britain
1. «We can stand up to Germany ». (W. Churchill)
2. The heroes with no legs: Douglas Bader, Aleksei Maresyev.
3. Colditz: the Escape Academy.
4. British women аt war.
5. Everyday life in Britain.
6. Posters.
7. London’s war museums.
8. Animals in war.
9. Two poems:
Wait for me (K. Simonov)
Strange Dream (Ed Mc Curdy).
Примерные слова ведущего (ученик 9 класса).
Дорогие друзья! В преддверии праздника Победы мы представляем вашему
вниманию тематические чтения - Британия в годы II мировой войны. День
Победы – это торжество Победы прогрессивных сил человечества над врагом,
который нёс смерть и упадок для всей мировой цивилизации, победы над
Гитлеровской Германией во II мировой войне. Великобритания была
союзницей нашей страны в те страшные годы. В поздравительных речах в этот
день руководители нашей страны всегда упоминают о следующем: «Мы
никогда не делили победу на нашу и их победу. Мы всегда будем помнить
наших
союзников,
которые
боролись
против
нацизма
в
составе
антигитлеровской коалиции».
Сегодня вы услышите сообщения о военно-воздушных силах Великобритании,
о жизни в стране в военные годы, о том, как британцы выжили в эти трудные
времена, о героях Британии, о том, как в этой стране хранят память о суровых
днях II мировой войны.
Итак, начало войны в Британии.
Премьер-министр Великобритании в те годы выступил с речью в парламенте,
призывая соотечественников собрать все свои силы и волю в кулак и исполнить
свой долг перед родиной и всей цивилизацией, которая в случае поражения в
войне с Гитлером была бы обречена и погрузилась бы в хаос нового
средневековья.
Далее следуют выступления участников по пунктам плана с небольшими
предварительными комментариями ведущего.
1. «We can stand up to Germany ».
Winston Churchill
The Battle of France is over. The Battle of Britain is about to begin. The survival of Christian
civilization depends upon this battle. Our British life, and the history of our institutions and our
Empire depend upon it. The whole fury and might of the enemy will soon be turned on us. Hitler
knows that he will have to break us in this Island or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all
Europe may be free and the life of the world may move forward into broad, sunlit lands. But if we
fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared
for, will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, so
that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, "This
was their finest hour."
Winston Churchill House of Commons, Junel8th 1940
Because Britain was an island, Hitler needed control of the skies in order to invade. He
ordered the Luftwaffe to destroy Britain's Royal Air Force in preparation for an invasion
from the sea. Here is a brief description of the Battle of Britain, the first battle to be
fought in the skies alone. The records kept of aircraft destroyed by either side were
quite accurate. The numbers tell their own story very well.
The Opening Phase: July-August 1940. The
Luftwaffe makes small raids on Britain and tries to sink ships in the Channel.
The First Phase: August 1940. The Luftwaffe tries to destroy the British airfields.
This was the correct tactic. Up to now the British secret weapon, radar, had allowed
the Royal Air Force (RAF) to concentrate their defence against the higher numbers of
German aircraft.
The Second Phase: mid-August-September 1940.
Soon the RAF was near to collapse. There were not enough pilots, never enough sleep and
too many enemy planes. Then a German bomber dropped its bombs over London by
mistake. Churchill ordered raids on German cities in revenge. This angered Hitler who
ordered the Luftwaffe to change tactics and destroy London. This gave the British airfields
the chance to recover.
The Third Phase: September-October 1940.
Now the autumn had arrived, invasion was no longer a real possibility. Hitler was already
planning his attack on Russia. The German pilots were skilled and brave, but their
commanders were not allowed to use effective tactics. The fighters had to protect the
bombers, which meant things were easier for the British. September 15: the biggest raid on
London. This day is called 'Battle of Britain Day'.
The Final Phase: October-November 1940.
The Germans slowly realise that they are losing the fight statistically. By the end of
the month the raids are much smaller and less determined. By the middle of the next
year Hitler had invaded Russia. England had been saved, it would have been
impossible for Germany to invade Britain while fighting in Russia too.
AIRCRAFT LOSSES
BRITAIN
GERMANY
The Opening Phase
73
157
The First Phase
175
332
The Second Phase
278
365
The Third Phase
271
503
The Final Phase
133
266
Total
930
1623
Конечно, все участники боевых сражений - герои, но были среди них
особенные, выдающиеся личности. Знаете ли вы, что общего между британцем
Дугласом Бейдером и русским Алексеем Маресьевым? Ответ прост: оба были
героями II мировой войны, которые сражались… без ног.
Прослушайте рассказ об этих героях.
2. The heroes with no legs.
What do Briton Douglas Bader and Russian Aleksei Maresyev have in common?
The answer is simple: both were Second World War heroes who fought... without legs.
Douglas
Douglas Bader is
one the best known war heroes in Britain.
Douglas was born in England in 1910. His father
was a major in the British Army in the First
World War. In 1922, when Douglas was only 12,
his father died. Traditionally, British Army
officers were from the upper middle class
families and educated, their children in public
schools. However, public schools are expensive
and with the loss of his father's income, private
education became impossible for Douglas. He
'saved' the day by winning a sports scholarship to
St Edward's School in Oxford. When Douglas
was 18, he won a cadetship to Cranwell Air Force
Academy. The young man fell in love with flying
almost immediately and started flying solo after
only six and a half hours of training. He quickly
became one of the best young pilots in the
Academy.
By 1931, Bader's career as a pilot was going
extremely well. Then the tragedy struck.
Douglas crashed while performing a complex
aerobatic display. Although he was lucky to
survive, he lost both legs. It seemed that his
flying career was over. But Douglas insisted:
'They'll have to call me up.'
Douglas was right. When Britain declared war
on Germany in 1939, the country quickly
became short of fighter pilots (the lifespan of a
pilot in the Second World War was very short).
Bader was given a second chance. He learnt to
fly with prosthetic legs. By 1941, he had shot
down 23 German planes — the fifth highest hit
record in the Royal Air Force at the time.
But fate tried Bader once again. In 1941, he
was shot down and captured by the Nazis. He
was sent from prison to prison before ending up
in the Colditz prison in Germany. Douglas made
several attempts to escape and in the end the
Nazis had to take his tin legs away to stop him
from escaping. So Bader had to wait until the
end of the war to return to Britain.
After the war, Douglas dedicated his life to
helping charities for the disabled. In 1976, he
was knighted for his
heroism
and
outstanding charity work.
Douglas
Bader
died in 1982, a British
national hero. But his
story lives on. As well
as
Bader's
own
autobiography,
a
number of books and
a film have been
produced
in
his
honour.
Aleksei Maresyev
Aleksei Petrovich Maresyev was born in Russia in 1916. Although his three elder brothers were
strong healthy boys, Aleksei's own health was not so good. He particularly suffered from pain in his
joints. The nearest school was four kilometres away and sometimes Aleksei's brothers almost had to
carry him back. Aleksei always wanted to become a pilot but with health problems like these, there
was no chance.
Aleksei became an active Komsomol member and after finishing school he was sent to the Far
East to build Komsomolsk-upon-Amur. Although Aleksei didn't particularly want to go so far
away, he didn't have very much choice.
However, it all turned out for the best. Much to Aleksei's own surprise, after a few months of
being in the Far East his health started to improve. Eventually, Maresyev joined an air club. After
serving in the army in the Russian Air Force, Maresyev went on to study at a professional college
for military pilots. He finished the college just in time to put his newly learnt skills into practice.
When the Nazis invaded Russia in 1941, Maresyev was sent to the front to serve as a fighter
pilot. By April 1942, Maresyev had shot down 4 German planes. However, on the 4th of April
Maresyev's luck ran out. He was shot down and had to make an emergency landing. He tried to
land on a frozen lake but lost control of the plane and crashed over a forest. Badly injured, he
crawled on his hands for eighteen days and nights to reach the Russian frontlines. By that time, his
legs had become badly frostbitten and had to be amputated.
But Maresyev refused to give up. After a long and painful struggle he learnt how to fly with
prosthetic legs. In 1943, he became a squadron leader. During one mission Maresyev shot down 3
enemy planes.
In August 1943, Aleksei Maresyev was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union medal, the highest
military award in the Soviet Union. When 'The Story of a Real Man' by Boris Polevoy came out
after the war, Maresyev became a national hero. After the book, there was a film and an opera. For
many years to come every generation of Soviet school children read Aleksei Maresyev's epic story.
But Maresyev didn't like the title of a living legend. "I'm a man, not a legend," he said. "There is
nothing special in what I did."
Aleksei Petrovich died in 2001, just 2 days before his 85th birthday. In one of his last interviews
he said: "I think young people can learn a lesson or two from what I went through in my life.
First of all, never be scared, go for it and hold out whatever happens."
Страшный лагерь для военнопленных всех национальностей, где был в
заключении Дуглас Бейдер- Колдитц.
3. Colditz: the Escape Academy.
COLDITZ: the Escape Academy
The gloomy Colditz Castle was the most famous prisoner-of-war camp during the
Second World War. The Germans thought that it was impossible to escape from it.
Hermann Goering himself visited the castle at the beginning of the war and said that it
was absolutely 'escape-proof
So the Germans decided to use Colditz Castle as a special prison for 'flight risks'
people who had tried to escape from other prisoner-of-war camps. What they didn't
realise was that putting so many determined minds together, they were creating a
truly international escape academy.
Security measures in Colditz were indeed very tight. There were hundreds of prison
guards (in fact, there were more guards than prisoners), lots of guard dogs, machine
gun posts, and searchlights. And the prisoners were counted every four hours! But in
spite с these measures more than 300 escape attempts were made by Colditz prisoners
— more than from any other prison camp.
Colditz prisoners made skeleton keys, forged German passes and identity cards,
manufactured their own tools, smuggled radios (to listen to the BBC News in secret).
And of course, they invented different means of escape.
BBC News in
secret).means
And of escape.
course, they
invented
different
They tried everything from tunneling
to hiding in rubbish
sacks,
disguising
themselves as
German officers, and jumping acrobatically from
t h e castle walls.
Ml9, a department of British
War Office, which specialized in
escape equipment, smuggled all
sorts of escape aids to Colditz: tiny
compasses, silk maps (that open
quietly, without loud rustling),
photos that could be used to make a
fake identity card, miniature saws
that could cut through metal chains or
fences.
'In Colditz there was never a dull
moment,' recalled one of the German
guards. 'We had security
meetings
nearly
every day.'
One of the most
impressive escape
plans was the
'French Tunnel'
worked out by
nine French officers. Their tunnel
began at the
top of the chapel's clock tower, ran vertically for
35 metres, continued for further 30 metres under
the chapel and then out of the castle.
German guards heard the sounds of
digging but it took them a long time
to find the tunnel — not until it was
almost finished.
One successful escape plan started
with the discovery of a loose bolt on a
manhole in the park where the
prisoners were taken for exercise. A
group of Dutch prisoners gathered
around the manhole while two men
climbed inside. To make sure the
escaping prisoners wouldn't be
missed during the next count, their
friends held up dummies to be
counted instead of them.
A prisoner who was a sculptor
made the two dummy heads out of
decided to build a
glider.
Every day they
went to their secret
room in the attic and
slowly, part by part,
built the glider out of
floorboards, sleeping The secret room in the attic
bags and smuggled
bits and pieces. However, the glider was never
put to test. In April 1945, US troops entered the
town of Colditz and, after a two-day fight.
Uberated the castle.
plaster and painted them to
be remarkably lifelike.
These dummy heads, nicknamed Max and Moritz,
gave the two Dutch officers enough time to get to
neutral Switzerland. They
also allowed four more
men to run away the same
way and were used for
other escape attempts until
prison guards finally discovered them.
The most ambitious
escape plan was worked out
by two British pilots. One of
them noticed that the roof
of the chapel wasn't seen
from the ground. So they
А теперь послушайте сообщение о британских женщинах, служивших в
Британии.
4. British women at war.
THE SECOND
WORLD WAR
women
were called upon to
work in all areas of
the
so-called
'Home
Front'.
Because
Britain
was an island sur
rounded
by
German
troops
and ships there
In 1939 Britain
declared war on
Fascist Germany
after
Hitler had invaded
Poland. Soon Britain
stood
alone
in
Europe against the
Nazis. Women once
I again were needed
to
save Britain. As in
.- the First World War
was a real risk of blockade and starvation. Many
women worked hard as 'Land Girls' doing heavy
physical work in agriculture.
One new area of
female activity in war
was in espionage. The
Special
Operations
Executive used many
women as secret
agents. One of these
women was Vera
Atkins. Her job was to
create 'cover-stories'
for the spies sent into
occupied Europe. She
sent 39 women spies
into enemy territory
and also spent a year interrogating German
officers after the war.
Many women special agents worked as radio
operators in France, decoding messages sent by
the British to help the French Resistance movement. This was very dangerous work indeed as
the chances of being caught were very high.
They parachuted into the country at night,
quickly moving from place to place to avoid
detection. They transported messages around
the country and helped
supply the Resistance
with
weapons
and
ammunition, which was
being dropped by the
Royal Air Force.
One woman, Nancy
Wake,
from
New
Zealand, even led a raid
on the German Secret
Police. One of her male
comrades said: ';She is the most feminine
woman I know, until the fighting starts. Then
she is like five men."
Another woman spy, Christine Granville,
who was born in Poland, collected information
on troop movements and helped Churchill
correctly predict the invasion of the Soviet Union by
Germany.
Noor Inayat Khan was
born in Moscow in 1915.
During the war she
worked as a British spy in
France, staying in the
country even when she
knew that the Germans
would eventually arrest
her. When she was arrested
she gave no information to
the Germans. However
they were able to break the code in the book she
was carrying. After this they could understand
the messages London was sending to France and
more British spies were caught. Like many
women
spies,
the
Germans murdered her.
In 1949 she was posthumously awarded the
George Cross for bravery.
Women made many
other contributions to the
British war effort, in fire
fighting, journalism, and
operating
anti-aircraft
guns. They also led the
way in criticising the way
the war was being fought:
some women journalists argued that the mass
destruction of German cities by bombers was
morally wrong.
WOMEN IN THE ARMED SERVICES
SINCE THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Recently women have been able to join the
army, navy and air force. Unlike in America
though, they are still not allowed to fight alongside men. A government report in 2002 said that
if women were allowed to fight then the 'combat
effectiveness' of the army would be less.
No one really understands what this means.
Some people think that if women fought along-
side men, then the men would worry too much
about the women, and so put themselves in danger. The report gave lots of reasons why women
should not fight. Many of the reasons were
about physical and psychological differences
between
men
and
women.
What
is
interesting is
that women in
America have
fought
for
years next to
men on the
front line. In
Iraq
and
Panama they
showed
everyone
that they were
very brave and
often better at fighting than the men.
However, the British army is different from
the American army in an important way. British
soldiers are still trained to kill the enemy with
hand-to-hand weapons. This means face-to-face,
with 'cold steel'. Many people still believe that
this kind of fighting would be very difficult for
women.
Что же происходило в тылу Британии?
Как жители страны пережили это суровое время?
5. Every day life in Britain.
War is declared. Britain stands alone against Germany. But is the nation ready?
It is late summer in England. The harvest is being collected in the fields. English
agriculture is old-fashioned. How are they going to feed the island nation in the
coming years of blockade? Mrs Dalton collects her new dress from the shop in town.
The cotton it is made from was grown in India, part of the British Empire. She buys
chocolate in another shop. The cocoa it is made from was grown in Africa in another
part of the British Empire. Will the war change these everyday habits? Mr Dalton is a
postman. His life isn't hard. He has never even been in a fight, let alone held a gun in
his hand. He is unused to physical activity, and his health is not very good, the
industrial pollution of the country has affected his lungs. Since 1918 Britain's army
has shrunk to a tiny force, its weapons have not been replaced. No one wants to fight.
How will British soldiers cope with the well-trained and equipped Germans?
The Reality of War on the 'Home Front'
Because Britain was an island, one of the first things British people had to get used
to was rationing. There were shortages of most products. Each person could have
each week:
• 8 pence worth of meat,
• 3 pints of milk, (a pint is about half a litre)
• 8 ounces of sugar, (an ounce is about 28 grams)
• 4 ounces of butter or fat,
• 4 ounces of bacon,
• 2 ounces of tea,
• 1 ounce of cheese,
• 1 egg.
Everyday life in Britain
Foods such as rice, jam, biscuits, tinned food and dried fruit were rationed by
points. Each family had to register with a shop or store where the food would be
bought and this was the only place where the family could shop. Each member of the
family had a ration book.
It wasn't just food that was rationed. They even controlled the clothes we wore.
This continued after the war and affected fashion. Men had to have their uniforms
altered and made into suits. Some women were very attracted to the American soldiers
in Britain, because they could get them stockings made of expensive nylon!
Evacuation
Over 3,500,000 children, women and old people were evacuated to 'safe places' to
escape the German bombing raids. No-one knew where they were going ... no-one
knew when or if they were ever corning back.
Many of the children seemed to be happy, they were going away, somewhere
different, a holiday... away from the bombs. They were happy that they were going to
do something that they had never done before. But many people who had to look after
the children were not so happy about it.
'Black-out'
Because the German bombers used the light of the cities to navigate by, people on
the ground had to hide their house lights with thick curtains. Streetlights were turned
off. Imagine trying to find your way home in the city with no light! Imagine driving in
a car with only one little light to see the road with!
'Phoney' War
This was the period between the end of 1939 and summer 1940 when nothing much
happened (Winston Churchill called it 'the twilight' war, the Germans, 'the sitting
war'). Britain could have bombed the German cities but chose to drop leaflets about
the evil Nazis instead. When someone said to the British minister for war that
he should use bombs instead of paper, and to destroy the beautiful Black
Forest as a warning to the Germans, he said:
'You must be joking, that is private property, you'll be asking me to bomb the
industrial Ruhr region next!'
The B.E.F.
In 1940 Britain sent a group of soldiers, The British Expeditionary Force to
help France. It was a well-trained force, and the Germans were more worried about it
than they were about the French. Many people think that the Germans were successful
in 1940 because their equipment was much better than the French or British. This is
not true. The British and French were stuck in defensive thinking. They didn't have a
proper plan and didn't use the right tactics against the 'Lightning war' of the Germans.
When Germany attacked France in the summer of 1940 the 'Phoney war' was over
and within weeks 300,000 British and French troops were trapped on the beaches of
Dunkirk.
The British did not have enough ships to evacuate the troops, so little private
boats were used.
In the early days of WWII, it was difficult to imagine that Britain with her
allies would one day be victorious over the mighty German war machine.
Чтобы поднять моральный дух британцев в годы войны в стране выпускали
плакаты – постеры, призывающие людей учиться выживать в тяжелых условиях
военного времени.
Названия плакатов
А. «Копайте для победы!»
Б. «Проверьте свой гардероб!»
В. «О светомаскировке и эвакуации»
Г. «Неосторожный разговор стоит жизни» (о немецких шпионах).
Д. «О газовых атаках: Гитлер не будет посылать вам предупреждения. Поэтому
всегда носите с собой противогаз!»
Е. «Собирайте металл для победы!»
6. Posters.
В память II мировой войне в Британии создано много музеев. Прослушайте
сообщения о некоторых из них.
7. London’s war museums.
LONDON'S WAR
MUSEUMS
World War Two was a scary time in London. Londoners had to cope with the
blitz,
shortages of food and clothing, blackout.... But what was it really like?
There are a number of places in London where you can find out what
the British went through during the war.
BRITAIN
AT WAR EXPERIENCE MUSEUM
This museum uses all of
your senses. You can see, hear, feel
and even smell the blitz! It is quite
scary as you take the lift down to
the Underground air raid shelter
where thousands of Londoners
spent sleepless nights. People who
remember the blitz say that the
shelter is quite life-like — minus
the stale air and rats.
You can also sit in the Anderson
shelter (a small metal air shelter used in
Britain during the war) and hear the terrifying
noises of an air raid overhead.
And you can walk through the streets of
London after the blitz and see (and smell!) the
smouldering remains of a London street. Be
careful of the unexploded bomb — it can go
off any minute!
There are lots of real life things to see in the
museum: a child's gasmask designed to look
like Mickey Mouse, real wartime bombs, rare
documents and
photographs.
But it's not all
dark and gloomy.
You can see the girls
having fun with the
American soldiers
in a nightclub.
IMPERIAL WAR
This is one of the best war museums in the
world. It has so many exhibits on its four
floors that one visit hardly seems enough.
As you enter the main hall you can see an
impressive collection of guns, tanks, rockets
and planes hanging from the ceiling. There is
also a German one-man submarine and a
bomber you can get inside!
But the museum is
more than that, however. It
shows the personal side of
wartime — terror, bravery
and the spirit of
comradeship.
HMS BELFAST
This WWII gunship is now moored opposite the Tower of London, in the shadow of Tower Bridge.
As well as the huge guns and bombs, you can see how sailors really lived on board this floating
town.
The whole ship is open to explore. You can visit the engine rooms, the kitchens (where 2000
meals a day were cooked), the captain's bridge (where you get a taste of what it was like to command
this huge ship in a red alert), the dentist's room (where you can hear the patient scream), the
punishment cell and lots of other cabins.
DID YOU KNOW?
• It took 144 men to raise HMS Belfast's anchors!
• HMS Belfast's four engines can generate 80,000 horse power. An average family car generates
100 horse power.
• The sailors were given rum every day.
CABINET WAR ROOMS
This is the secret
bunker where Sir
Winston
Churchill
and other important
people in the military
and the government
worked and slept
while the German
Luftwaffe attacked
the streets above.
othing has
been
touched here since
1945, except for dusting! The clocks all read
two minutes to five, and background sounds
include wailing sirens, voices and footsteps in
the corridors,
There are 21 tiny rooms in the bunker,
including sleeping rooms, shooting ranges, a
N room and a map room, Churchill's pridining
vate bedroom, along with many other rooms
where important decisions were made during
air raids.
DID YOU KNOW?
• It was very hard to be Churchill's secretary. He dictated directly to the typewriter and his impatience
could make typing for him very, very difficult.
and the tap-tap of busy typewriters. Because
staff worked and slept in shifts, the typewriters
had specially muffled keys.
• Churchill loved to paint. He created over 500 works
during his life and was made an honorary member of
the Royal Academy of Art.
Рядом с людьми всегда есть животные. Они были и на войне - рядом.
Специально обученные животные выполняли свой долг, либо помогали людям
из чувства любви. Итак, «Животные на войне».
8. Animals in war.
Millions of people have died in the the two World Wars — but millions of
animals have too. More than eight million horses died in the First World War
alone. They carried men to war, delivered ammunition and equipment.
Designed by British sculptor David Backhouse,
the Animals in War Memorial shows two mules, a horse
and a dog, and remembers other animals - dolphins,
pigeons, elephants... and even glow worms
(WWI soldiers used them to read maps and letters
in the dark trenches).
This dog is laying a telegraph wire
Thousands of pigeons were used as carriers during the First and Second World
Wars. They delivered important messages and also worked as 'photographers.' Flying
at a mile a minute, these brave birds saved countless lives.
Mules were used for transport in the impenetrable Burmese
jungle.
Dogs served in both World Wars. They carried secret messages, laid telegraph
wires, sniffed out mines, dug out bomb victims and even made parachute jumps!
During the Blitz, dogs used to wake up their owners and take them to the shelters
when they heard the sirens.
Now these brave animals have a memorial.
Нашу встречу нам хотелось бы закончить двумя стихотворениями. Первое
написал известный русский писатель - поэт Константин Симонов. Наверняка,
оно помогло многим солдатам выжить на войне, а близким - дождаться родных
с фронта.
Wait for me, and I'll come back!
Wait with all you've got!
Wait, when dreary yellow rains
Tell you, you should not.
Wait when snow is falling fast,
Wait when summer's hot,
Wait when yesterdays are past,
Others are forgot.
Wait, when from that far-off place,
Letters don't arrive.
Wait, when those with whom you wait
Doubt if I'm alive.
Wait for me, and I'll come back!
Wait in patience yet
When they tell you off by heart
That you should forget.
Even when my dearest ones
Say that I am lost,
Even when my friends give up,
Sit and count the cost,
Drink a glass of bitter wine
To the fallen friend —
Wait! And do not drink with them!
Wait until the end!
Wait for me and I'll come back,
Dodging every fate!
"What a bit of luck!" they'll say,
Those that did not wait.
They will never understand
How amidst the strife,
By your waiting for me, dear,
You had saved my life.
How I made it, we shall know,
Only you and I.
You alone knew how to wait —
We alone know why!
Жди меня, и я вернусь.
Только очень жди,
Жди, ког да наводят г русть
Желтые дожди,
Жди, ког да снег а метут,
Жди, ког да жара,
Жди, ког да друг их не ждут,
Позабыв вчера.
Жди, ког да из дальних мест
Писем не придет,
Жди, ког да уж надоест
Всем, кто вместе ждет.
Жди меня, и я вернусь,
Не желай добра
Всем, кто знает наизусть,
Что забыть пора.
Пусть поверят сын и мать
В то, что нет меня,
Пусть друзья устанут ждать,
Сядут у ог ня,
Выпьют г орькое вино
На помин души...
Жди. И с ними заодно
Выпить не спеши.
Жди меня, и я вернусь,
Всем смертям назло.
Кто не ждал меня, тот пусть
Скажет: — Повезло.
Не понять, не ждавшим им,
Как среди ог ня
Ожиданием своим
Ты спасла меня.
Как я выжил, будем знать
Только мы с тобой,—
Просто ты умела ждать,
Как никто друг ой.
А это стихотворение - о мечте всех людей на Земле о мире без войны (Эд Мак
Кёрди). Кроме английского варианта, мы представляем свой перевод .
Недавно мне снился
Чудесный сон
Я очень хотел бы, чтоб
сбылся он,
Чтоб люди прекрасной
планеты моей
Не знали бы больше военных дней
Мне комната снилась,
Где много людей.
Давали они обещания в ней,
Что больше не будут
Они воевать,
Что будут беречь свою
Родину - мать.
И за руки взявшись
Молились они
И верилось мне –
Будут мирными дни.
Оружье, мечи и всю форму свою
Военные сбросили наземь
И танцы, и песни - веселье
кругом
На улицах вспыхнуло разом.
Недавно мне снился
Чудесный сон
Я очень хотел бы, чтоб
сбылся он,
Чтоб люди прекрасной
планеты моей
Не знали бы больше военных дней.
На этой оптимистической ноте, ноте надежды на то, что мир, наконец,
прекратит все войны на Земле, нам бы хотелось завершить наше выступление.
Спасибо за внимание.
Литература
1) Журнал «Иностранные языки в школе» 2005 г. №3.
2) Методическая мозаика. Приложение к журналу «Ияш» 2005г. №6.
3) Журнал для изучающих английский язык «Speak Out» 2005 г. № 2,3,4.