Сборник устных тем - Южный федеральный университет

Южный Федеральный Университет
Т.Б. Чернухина, Э.В. Якуба
Сборник устных тем для студентов заочного отделения
1 и 2 курсов
Учебно-методическое пособие
Ответственный редактор
кандидат филологических наук
Т.С.Шишкина
Ростов-на-Дону
2012
2
Печатается по решению кафедры английского языка гуманитарных
факультетов ЮФУ, протокол №1 от 31.08.12
Ответственный редактор
кандидат филологических наук
Т.С.Шишкина
Чернухина Т.Б. , Якуба Э.В. Сборник устных тем для студентов
заочного отделения 1и 2 курсов. 2012. - 23
Учебно-методическое пособие содержит необходимый учебный
материал и упражнения для изучения устных тем, предусмотренных
учебным планом.
Пособие предназначено для студентов ОЗО гуманитарных факультетов
1 и 2 курсов.
3
Предисловие
Основной целью данного учебно-методического пособия является
развитие у студентов умения высказываться по заданной тематике, а
также пользоваться информацией, полученной при чтении источника на
английском языке.
Пособие состоит из 6 модулей, каждый из которых посвящен одной теме.
К изучению предлагаются следующие темы : Южный Федеральный
университет, Отделение Регионоведения, Политустройство
Великобритании, Политустройство США, Образование Великобритании,
Образование США.
Структура модуля:
1) Предтекстовое упражнение для изучения основной лексики по
теме.
2) Текст
3) Послетекстовое упражнение для отработки лексикограмматических конструкций.
4) Вопросы к тексту для проверки понимания и усвоения
информации
5) Беседу (или монолог) по теме модуля.
Упражнения 1, 3 и 4 могут выполняться студентами письменно прямо в
книге, так как для каждого ответа отведено пустое место для
вписывания.
Данное пособие может быть использовано как в аудитории, так и для
самостоятельной работы студентов.
4
Module 1. Southern Federal University
1.Найдите соответствие между колонками А и B.
А
B
1. enrolment
a. важность
2. demand
b. главный
3. curriculum
c.выборочный
4. prepare
d. в соответствии
5. elective
e. объединять
6. according to
f. готовый
7. incorporate
g. предлагать
8. priority
h. в настоящее время
9. importance
i. улучшение
10. ready
j. обязательный
11. offer
k. состоять (включать)
12. improvement
l. расписание
13. compulsory
m. требование (спрос)
14. currently
n. количество
15. comprise
o. подготавливать
2. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Southern Federal University
On May, 24th 2007 four leading universities in the South of Russia – Rostov
State University, Rostov Architecture and Art Academy, Rostov Pedagogical
University, Taganrog State University of Radio Engineering – have been
incorporated in Southern Federal University (SFU).
The SFU is the biggest higher educational establishment in the South of
Russia. The most important target of the University is to prepare the
specialists according to the demands of Russia and the whole world.
5
Our University trains specialists for some priority fields in the world ready for
competition and new type of economic relationship.
The SFU strategic goal is its development as Research University of
innovative type. Southern Federal University is an educational, scientific,
research and development unit, comprising 36 faculties and 206 departments.
Our University is currently offering courses of studies in 80 programs.
The current enrolment at SFU is 49741 students, including 500 foreign
students.
The course of Study at the University is split into 4 academic years for
Bachelor’s Degree, and 6 academic years for Master’s Degree. It also takes 6
years for those studying through evening and correspondence courses. The
academic year is divided into 2 semesters.
At the end of each semester the students take tests, semester or final
exams. The students prepare their graduation thesis paper at the end of their
course of study. The established curriculum includes subjects in the social and
natural sciences and foreign languages. During the academic year the students
are given lectures on certain compulsory and elective courses in different
subjects. The students attend classes scheduled in the time-table. After
graduating from the University, the graduates receive Bachelor’s and Master’s
Degrees.
International activities at Southern Federal University include training
of international students, joint research projects, and student and teacher
exchange programs. The scholars of Southern Federal University have strong
and productive international contacts with scholars and researchers from the
USA, Germany, Great Britain, France, Israel, Italy, Poland, China, Turkey,
Bulgaria, Greece and other countries. Southern Federal University is taking
part in a number of trans-European projects on education.
The University students have opportunity to participate in the cultural and
sports events. There are many sport sections, some theatrical clubs, and
entertainment units.
6
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1. ученые и исследователи
2. после окончания университета
3. совместные исследовательские
проекты
4. посещать занятия
5. заочные курсы обучения
6. установленное расписание
7. обязательные и выборочные курсы
8. требовать написания курсовой
работы
9. развлекательные сектора
10. возможность участвовать
7
4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. When did the SFU officially start functioning?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. How long should one study at the University to get Bachelor’s/ Master’s
Degree?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. What courses and subjects does the established curriculum include?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. What is the strategic goal of the SFU?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. What international activities are there at Southern Federal University?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Расскажите об истории, структуре и деятельности ЮФУ.
8
Module 2. The Department of Regional Study
1. Найдите соответствие между колонками А и B.
A
B
a.отделение
b.переводчик
c. сложный
d. добавление
e. население
f. составлять
g. укрепление
h.особенность
i. способный
j. выполнять
k. приобретать
l. взаимодействие
m. наследие
n. получать
o. наука
1. translator
2. department
3. science
4. complex
5. receive
6. addition
7. heritage
8. interrelation
9. population
10. gain
11. perform
12. capable
13. peculiarity
14. reinforcement
15. comprise
2. Прочтите и переведите текст.
The Department of Regional Study.
The SFU is the largest center of education, science and culture in the South
Russia.At present the SFU training, research and development unit comprises
36 faculties.
The Department of Regional Studies as a special department of Rostov State
University was founded in 1998.
The demand in specialists of this qualification was caused by the following
factors: development of federalism in Russia, leading to transformation in the
centralized system of government and to reinforcement of integrated links
between regions; peculiarities of the Northern Caucasus region as one of the
most complex regions of the Russian Federation.
9
So the Department trains the specialists with innovative mode of thinking,
capable to perform planning in social, economic and political sphere of
society.
In the course of studies the students gain the knowledge on the history of the
region, ethnogenesis and social structures of the population, political and law
systems of the region, its cultural heritage. The future specialists deal with
problems of cultural identity and interrelation of national cultures,
fundamentals of economics and economical geography.
The students also get the skills of modeling and making prognoses of regional
socio-political and cultural processes, orientating in the tendencies of
developing of the world and regional economies, problems of modern
economic integration. They learn the methods of analyzing the main problems
of Russian foreign policy and national secure. In addition to the major subjects
the Department offers the courses of English, German and Turkish languages.
There are 3 specializations in the department:
a) Law and political system
b) Political and social system
c) Economic system and regional management.
The course of study at the department is split into 4 academic years for fulltime students to get Bachelor’s Degree and 6 academic years to get Master’s
Degree. Students also can get education taking correspondence courses. After
graduating from the Department the graduates receive Diplomas of higher
education.
Graduates of the Department can work as lawyers, political consultant,
economists, managers, translators, analysts and international relations
consultant.
10
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1. международные отношения
2. заочный курс обучения
3. тенденции развития
4. получить дипломы
5. государственная безопасность
6. получить навыки
7. культурное наследие
8. укрепить связи
9. основные предметы
10. после окончания (университета)
11
4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. When was the Department of Regional Studies founded?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2. What factors caused the demand in specialists of this qualification?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
3. What kind of specialists does the Department train?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
4. What are the specializations in our department?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
5. What are the opportunities of employment for the Department
graduates?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
5. Расскажите об отделении Регионоведение.
12
Module 3. Political Set-up of the UK
1. Найдите соответствие между колонками А и В.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
А
monarchy
bill
support
power
branch
law
member
reign
represent
election
legislative
executive
judicial
House of Commons
House of Lords
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
В
Палата Общин
выборы
законодательный
поддержка
ветвь
Палата Лордов
законопроект
юридический
власть
представлять
исполнительный
монархия
править, царствовать
член
закон
2. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. This means that it has a
monarch (a king or a queen) as its Head of State. The monarch has very little
power and can only reign with the support of Parliament. Parliament
represents the legislative branch of power and consists of two chambers: the
House of Commons and the House of Lords.
In reality only the House of Commons has the true power. The new bills are
introduced and debated here. If the majority of the members are in favour of a
bill it goes to the House of Lords and finally to the monarch who signs it. Only
then it becomes a law. There are 650 members (MPs) in the House of
Commons. They are elected at general election which is held at least every
five years.
13
The House of Lords has more than 1000 members although only about 250
take an active part in the work of the House. It is a non-elected body.
The British democratic system depends on political parties. Three parties
dominate in the House of Commons: Conservative, Labour and Liberal
Democrats. The party which wins the majority forms the Government and its
leader usually becomes the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister and his
Cabinet Ministers represent the executive branch of power.
The judicial branch of power is represented by the new Supreme Court of the
United Kingdom which was established in October 2009.
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1. при поддержке чего-либо\ коголибо
2. состоит из
3. представляются и обсуждаются
4. голосуют за (в пользу) что-либо
5. выбираются
6. по меньшей мере
7. проводится\проводятся
8. принимают активное участие
9. зависит от чего-либо\ кого-либо
10. быть представленным чемлибо\кем-либо
14
4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1) Who is the Head of State in the United Kingdom?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2) What House of Parliament has the true power?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3) How does a bill become a law?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4) How often does the general election take place?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5) What are the three branches of power in the United Kingdom?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. Расскажите о политическом устройстве Великобритании.
15
Module 4. Political Set-up of the USA.
1. Найдите соответствие между колонками А и В.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
A
the District of Columbia
two-party system
political platform
amendment
the Bill of Rights
personal freedoms
the Senate
the House of Representatives
law-making body
six-year term
population
resident
natural-born citizen
the Commander-in-Chief
justice
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
B
"Билль о правах"
гражданин по праву рождения
Палата Представителей
главнокомандующий
двухпартийная система
сенат
шестилетний срок
житель
население
политическая платформа
законодательный орган
судья
поправка
личные свободы
Округ Колумбия
Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The United States of America is a federal union of 50 states and the District of
Columbia, where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated.
Washington, D.C. is the seat of the federal government of the USA. The
modern two-party system of the USA consists of the Democratic Party and the
Republican Party whose political platforms have become less different
nowadays.
American Constitution was adopted in 1788 and has 27 amendments. The first
10 amendments are known as the Bill of Rights and guarantee a number of
personal freedoms such as, for example, freedom of speech. According to the
US Constitution the powers of the government are divided into three branches:
16
the legislative, the executive and the judicial. These branches check and
balance one another.
The legislative branch is represented by the Congress. It consists of the Senate
and the House of Representatives. The Congress is a law-making body. A bill
must pass both Houses and be signed by the President before it becomes a law.
There are two senators from each state in the Senate and they are elected for
the six-year term. The number of members from each state in the House of
Representatives depends on the population of the state. The total number
cannot be more than 435.
The executive branch of power in the USA is headed by the President who
must be a natural-born citizen of the USA, at least 35 years old and a resident
of the USA for at least 14 years. The President is not only the Head of Stare
but the Commander-in-Chief of the American Army. The Cabinet Ministers
are appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate.
The judicial branch is headed by the U.S. Supreme Court which consists of
nine justices appointed by life by the President with the approval of the
Senate.
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1. располагается
2. стали менее различными
3. была принята
4. известны как
5. в соответствии с
6. разделяются на
7. быть подписанным кем-либо
17
8. зависит от
9. назначаются кем-либо
10. с одобрения кого-либо
4.
1)
Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
Where is the capital of the USA situated?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2)
What party system does the USA have nowadays?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
3)
What is The Bill of Rights?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
4)
Who is the Head of the executive branch of power in the USA?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
5)
What body approves the appointment of the Cabinet Ministers?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
5.
Расскажите о политическом устройстве США.
18
Module 5. Higher Education in Great Britain.
1. Найдите соответствие между колонками А и В:
A
1.
interview
a.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
competition
applicant
lecture
tuition
tutor
essay
tuition fee
higher educational
establishment
redbrick university
social science
engineering
degree
vocational training
postgraduate courses
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
B
профессионально-техническое
образование
«красно-кирпичный университет»
аспирантура
общественные науки
плата за обучение
собеседование
обучение
абитуриент
технические науки
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
степень
эссе
наставник, руководитель
конкурс, соревнование
лекция
высшее учебное запведение
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
Today there are more than 60 universities in Great Britain. Good results in at
least two subjects are necessary to get a place in any of them. In addition
universities choose their future students after interviews, so the competition
among applicants is strong.
Oxford, Cambridge and London universities are the oldest ones not only in
Britain but in Europe. For example, Oxford was founded in the 12th century.
Both Oxford and Cambridge differ from other universities. Teaching there is
carried out not only by means of lectures but by tutorial system. They provide
individual tuition organized by colleges. All students have their personal tutor
who they visit once a week to discuss essays which they have written. Not
19
everybody can afford to enter Oxford or Cambridge because the tuition fees
are very high.
Another group of higher educational establishments is known as redbrick
universities. They were founded between 1850 and 1930 in the major
industrial cities of England such as Manchester, Liverpool and Bristol. They
were mainly associated with social science and engineering.
After the World War II many new universities and polytechnics were founded
all over Great Britain. Nowadays universities and colleges of Great Britain are
equipped with the latest facilities for teaching and research, they offer a wide
range of courses. The various qualifications offered by universities in the UK
can be broadly classified into four divisions like degree courses, vocational
training, diplomas and postgraduate courses. Every year students from all
around the world join the competition to enter the UK's universities and
colleges.
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1. получить место
2.
к тому же
3.
был основан
4.
отличаются от
5.
проводится
6.
посредством
7.
предоставляют, обеспечивают
8.
может позволить себе
9.
в основном ассоциировались
10. оборудованы
20
4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1) Why is the competition to enter the universities of the UK so strong?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2) What are the oldest universities of Great Britain?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3) How do Oxford and Cambridge differ from other British Universities?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4) What is a “redbrick university”?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5) What qualifications are offered by British Universities?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. Расскажите о высшем образовании в Великобритании.
21
Module 6. Higher Education in the USA
1.Найдите соответствие между колонками А и B.
А
B
a. обширный, широкий
b. отметка
c.второкурсник
d. в соответствии
e. достижение
f. управлять
g. капиталовложения
h. оценивать
i. владеть
j. сельское хозяйство
k. заявление
l. развивать
m. расходы
n. оплата
o. декан
1. mark
2. broad
3. dean
4. govern
5. measure
6. achievement
7. investment
8. sophomore
9. require
10. application
11. own
12. agriculture
13. fee
14. expenses
15. develop
2. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Higher Education in the USA
Education has always been important for Americans although the United
States does not have a national system of education. American higher
education follows two traditions: the tradition of English colleges and the
University tradition of the continent.
American colleges and universities are divided into public or private. Public
institutions are owned by the government, either a state or municipal
government. A private institution doesn’t receive any financial aid from the
government. The money used to pay the expenses come from three sources:
tuition fees, donations, investments of an institution.
Higher education in the USA is divided into two broad fields: liberal arts
(history, languages, science and philosophy) and professional (law,
agriculture, engineering, medicine, etc.).
Besides an application form one needs to have teacher’s recommendations and
other papers to enter the university. Many colleges and universities require all
applicants to take one or more academic entrance exams.
22
The course of students usually lasts four years for Bachelor’s Degree. Students
are classified as freshmen – first-year students; sophomores – second-year
students; juniors – third-year students; seniors – four-year students.
The American academic year usually runs from the middle of August to the
beginning of May.
Most schools divide the academic year into 3 terms or 2 semesters. At the end
of each term students take semester and final examinations. Achievements are
also measured by grades and tests given during the course of semester. Grades
are usually on four-point scale. Letters indicate the level of achievement. “A”
is the highest mark; “F” denotes a failure. Some students receive scholarships
which pay all or part of their tuition.
Higher educational institutions usually are governed by a board of regents.
The executive head of a college or university is called the president. The
various colleges or schools which make up a university are headed by deans.
3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:
1.
следует двум традициям
2.
денежные пожертвования
3.
высшая оценка
4.
совет попечителей
5.
означать провал
6.
получать стипендию
7.
вступительные экзамены
8.
глава отделения или кафедры
9.
стипендия
10. происходить из трех источников
23
4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. American higher education developed its pattern by following two
traditions. What are they?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2. What are the types of American colleges and universities?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
3. How long is the course for a Bachelor’s/ Master’s Degree?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
4. When does the American academic year usually run?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
5. What are the highest and the lowest marks at American Universities
and colleges?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
5. Расскажите о высшем образовании в США.